Advanced Behavioral Testing in Rodents: Assessment of Cognitive Function in Animals

Bushnell, Philip J.

doi:10.1002/0471140856.tx1104s00

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Cognitive function refers to the ability of an organism to process information in their environment, and includes learning, memory, and attention [94]. Executive functions fall under cognitive function, and are defined as higher-order processes involved in the planning and control of goal-oriented behavior, including the initiation, inhibition, and shifting of behavioral responses [45].…”

Section: Cognitive Impairment and Executive Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence Implicating Non-Dioxin-Like Congeners as the Key Mediators of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Developmental Neurotoxicity

Klocke

Lein

2020

IJMS

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Despite being banned from production for decades, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) continue to pose a significant risk to human health. This is due to not only the continued release of legacy PCBs from PCB-containing equipment and materials manufactured prior to the ban on PCB production, but also the inadvertent production of PCBs as byproducts of contemporary pigment and dye production. Evidence from human and animal studies clearly identifies developmental neurotoxicity as a primary endpoint of concern associated with PCB exposures. However, the relative role(s) of specific PCB congeners in mediating the adverse effects of PCBs on the developing nervous system, and the mechanism(s) by which PCBs disrupt typical neurodevelopment remain outstanding questions. New questions are also emerging regarding the potential developmental neurotoxicity of lower chlorinated PCBs that were not present in the legacy commercial PCB mixtures, but constitute a significant proportion of contemporary human PCB exposures. Here, we review behavioral and mechanistic data obtained from experimental models as well as recent epidemiological studies that suggest the non-dioxin-like (NDL) PCBs are primarily responsible for the developmental neurotoxicity associated with PCBs. We also discuss emerging data demonstrating the potential for non-legacy, lower chlorinated PCBs to cause adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Molecular targets, the relevance of PCB interactions with these targets to neurodevelopmental disorders, and critical data gaps are addressed as well.

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Section: Cognitive Impairment and Executive Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence Implicating Non-Dioxin-Like Congeners as the Key Mediators of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Developmental Neurotoxicity

Klocke

Lein

2020

IJMS

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“…Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance test are broadly used, while there are numerous tests to assess cognition (20). In clinical studies, cognitive function is usually evaluated by cognitive assessment tools.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Neuroprotection and Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Fermented Foods with Beneficial Effects on Brain and Cognitive Function

Kim

Hong

Yang

et al. 2016

JFN

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Around the world, fermentation of foods has been adopted over many generations, primarily due to their commercial significance with enriched flavors and high-profile nutrients. The increasing application of fermented foods is further promoted by recent evidence on their health benefits, beyond the traditionally recognized effects on the digestive system. With recent advances in the understanding of gut-brain interactions, there have also been reports suggesting the fermented food’s efficacy, particularly for cognitive function improvements. These results are strengthened by the proposed biological effects of fermented foods, including neuroprotection against neurotoxicity and reactive oxygen species. This paper reviews the beneficial health effects of fermented foods with particular emphasis on cognitive enhancement and neuroprotective effects. With an extensive review of fermented foods and their potential cognitive benefits, this paper may promote commercially feasible applications of fermented foods as natural remedies to cognitive problems.

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“…It is essential to test their natural active behaviors, such as exploration, inquisitiveness, and digging, aggression, rearing, and climbing, while considering well-defined circadian rhythms. [ 2 ] Behavior assessment is a scientific approach that relies on the ability of human observers to integrate observed details of behavior, posture, and context to summarize animals' behavioral patterns. [ 3 ] Observers use descriptors like "relaxed," "anxious/tense," "frustrated," or "content" to evaluate and assess animals' emotional states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A short review on behavioural assessment methods in rodents

Angu Bala Ganesh

2023

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Advanced Behavioral Testing in Rodents: Assessment of Cognitive Function in Animals

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Evidence Implicating Non-Dioxin-Like Congeners as the Key Mediators of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Developmental Neurotoxicity

Evidence Implicating Non-Dioxin-Like Congeners as the Key Mediators of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Developmental Neurotoxicity

A Review of Fermented Foods with Beneficial Effects on Brain and Cognitive Function

A short review on behavioural assessment methods in rodents

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