Advanced anion exchange membranes with selective swelling-induced ion transport channels for vanadium flow battery application

Zhang, Bengui; Zhao, Minghui; Liu, Qian; Zhang, Xueting; Fu, Yanshi; Zhang, Enlei; Wang, Guosheng; Zhang, Zhigang; Zhang, Shouhai

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119985

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Various types of polymer backbones including poly(2, 6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide), poly(arylene piperidinium), polyolefin, poly(arylene ether ketone), polybenzimidazole, and poly(arylene ether sulfone) have been investigated for AEMs. − Cationic groups including quaternary ammonium (QA), phosphonium, sulfonium, imidazolium, and piperidinium have also been studied. − However, the development of AEMs is still limited by the degradation of the AEMs cationic group or membrane polymer backbone in a long-term harsh alkaline environment. , In the presence of electron withdrawing groups (e.g., sulfone linkages and aryl–ether bonds), polymer backbones can easily degrade in an alkaline solution and thus affect the performance of fuel cells. ,, At the same time, cationic groups are prone to be attacked by OH – via Hofmann elimination reactions or nucleophilic substitution reactions. Therefore, the design and synthesis of AEMs with good dimensional stability, desirable OH – conductivity, and high alkaline stability is a challenge in the field of AEMFCs. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tröger’s Base Microporous Anion Exchange Membranes with Hyperbranched Structure for Fuel Cells

Chen

Choo

Gao

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The application of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) in alkaline fuel cells is profoundly affected by its performance. In this work, Tröger’s base microporous AEMs with hyperbranched structure (QA-BTB-x%) are prepared by superacid catalysis. The introduction of the hyperbranched structure can enhance the free volume of the AEMs, which will improve the water uptake (WU) of the AEMs and thus promote the transport of OH–. By increasing the content of the branching agent from 0% to 8%, the WU of the AEMs gradually increased from 41.7% to 62.6% at 80 °C. The maximum OH– conductivity of the QA-BTB-5% AEMs can reach to 95.2 mS cm–1 in ultrapure water at 80 °C with a low swelling ratio (14.9% at 80 °C). Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that the QA-BTB-5% AEMs has a good microphase separation structure that is beneficial for OH– transport. After a long-term alkaline stability test, the QA-BTB-5% still has a high OH– conductivity. The maximum power density of the QA-BTB-5%-based single cell can reach to 548 mW cm–2 in H2/O2. All of the results demonstrate obvious performance enhancements of AEMs upon the introduction of hyperbranched structure into the polymer backbone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tröger’s Base Microporous Anion Exchange Membranes with Hyperbranched Structure for Fuel Cells

Chen

Choo

Gao

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…In the case of VRFB, currently, the perfluorocarbon-based Nafion membrane is the most widely utilized, but research on alternative membranes is being actively conducted due to the expensive membrane cost and significant vanadium crossover problem [19][20][21]. Moreover, recently, VRFBs employing AEMs with high cost-effectiveness and relatively low crossover of redox ion species have been actively researched [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin-Reinforced Anion-Exchange Membranes with High Ionic Contents for Electrochemical Energy Conversion Processes

2022

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Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are a core component that greatly affects the performance of electrochemical energy conversion processes such as reverse electrodialysis (RED) and all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The IEMs used in electrochemical energy conversion processes require low mass transfer resistance, high permselectivity, excellent durability, and also need to be inexpensive to manufacture. Therefore, in this study, thin-reinforced anion-exchange membranes with excellent physical and chemical stabilities were developed by filling a polyethylene porous substrate with functional monomers, and through in situ polymerization and post-treatments. In particular, the thin-reinforced membranes were made to have a high ion-exchange capacity and a limited degree of swelling at the same time through a double cross-linking reaction. The prepared membranes were shown to possess both strong tensile strength (>120 MPa) and low electrical resistance (<1 Ohm cm2). As a result of applying them to RED and VRFB, the performances were shown to be superior to those of the commercial membrane (AMX, Astom Corp., Japan) in the optimal composition. In addition, the prepared membranes were found to have high oxidation stability, enough for practical applications.

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“…The development of renewable energy utilization technologies that do not emit CO 2 and use sustainable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and biomass, is underway. Research on energy storage, conversion, and utilization technologies, such as batteries [1][2][3], solar cells [4], fuel cells [5], and water electrolysis [6] is being actively conducted to efficiently utilize these energies. Moreover, hydrogen, which has a high energy density, can be produced from renewable energy sources, fossil fuel reforming, industrial process byproducts, biomass, water electrolysis, etc., and is suitable for energy storage systems [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslinked Sulfonated Polyphenylsulfone (CSPPSU) Membranes for Elevated-Temperature PEM Water Electrolysis

Kim

Ohira

2021

Membranes

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In order to reduce the burden on the environment, there is a need to develop non-fluorinated electrolyte membranes as alternatives to fluorinated electrolyte membranes, and water electrolysis using hydrocarbon-based electrolyte membranes has been studied in recent years. In this paper, for the first time, we report elevated-temperature water electrolysis properties of crosslinked sulfonated polyphenylsulfone (CSPPSU) membranes prepared by sulfonation and crosslinking of hydrocarbon-based PPSU engineering plastics. The sulfone groups of the CSPPSU membrane in water were stable at 85 °C (3600 h) and 150 °C (2184 h). In addition, the polymer structure of the CSPPSU membrane was stable during small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements from room temperature to 180 °C. A current density of 456 mA/cm2 was obtained at 150 °C and 1.8 V in water electrolysis using the CSPPSU membrane and IrO2/Ti as the catalytic electrode for oxygen evolution. The stability of the CSPPSU membrane at elevated temperatures with time was evaluated. There were some issues in the assembly of the CSPPSU membrane and the catalytic electrode. However, the CSPPSU membrane has the potential to be used as an electrolyte membrane for elevated-temperature water electrolysis.

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Advanced anion exchange membranes with selective swelling-induced ion transport channels for vanadium flow battery application

Cited by 28 publications

References 60 publications

Tröger’s Base Microporous Anion Exchange Membranes with Hyperbranched Structure for Fuel Cells

Tröger’s Base Microporous Anion Exchange Membranes with Hyperbranched Structure for Fuel Cells

Thin-Reinforced Anion-Exchange Membranes with High Ionic Contents for Electrochemical Energy Conversion Processes

Crosslinked Sulfonated Polyphenylsulfone (CSPPSU) Membranes for Elevated-Temperature PEM Water Electrolysis

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