Advance in the toxic effects of petroleum water accommodated fraction on marine plankton

Acute toxicity of crude oil water accommodated fraction on marine copepods: The relative importance of acclimatization temperature and body size

“…This finding was consistent with the reports of Holdway (2002) and Jiang et al (2010). The variances in the oxygen consumption rates, lipid contents, antioxidant levels, and relevant detoxification abilities possibly led to the species-specific sensitivity of copepods to oil WAF (de Hoop et al, 2011;Hansen et al, 2011;Jiang et al, 2010).…”

“…Most oil WAFs were lipophilic (van Wezel and Opperhuizen, 1995), and copepods have high body lipid contents (Lee et al, 2006). Therefore, the organic compounds (especially PAHs) of oil WAF can easily accumulate in the animals via the feeding behavior and surface contacting (Carls et al, 2006;Jiang et al, 2010). Even copepods exposed to low concentrations of oil WAFs also behave abnormally with decreased feeding rate (Barata et al, 2002;Carls et al, 2006) and increased oxygen consumption (Smith and Hargreaves, 1984).…”

“…Petroleum finally partially dissolves or is accommodated in seawater, and the remaining part is physically transferred (e.g., evaporation, adsorption, and sedimentation) and biologically decomposed (Jiang et al, 2010). The highest concentration of dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons is in the water accommodated fraction (WAF) (Faksness et al, 2008), which usually consists of aliphatic compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).…”

Responses of sympatric Karenia brevis, Prorocentrum minimum, and Heterosigma akashiwo to the exposure of crude oil

“…Increased levels of brevetoxins only add to the negative impact the accumulation of hydrocarbons cause to species that graze on K. brevis and, ultimately, to higher trophic levels within the impacted area (Jiang et al 2010;Almeda et al 2013). The affect can be advantageous to K. brevis, since the populations of organisms that feed on it are reduced (Cohen et al 2007;Hong et al 2012;Waggett et al 2012).…”

Morphological characters of Chaetoceros lorenzianus (Bacillariophyceae) isolated from North Arabian Sea after Tasman Spirit oil spill

“…An extensive amount of studies have been conducted on effects of oil pollution on ecosystem of water bodies which showed deleterious effects on growth of phytoplankton community structure (Parab et al 2008, Jiang et al 2010. Tabassum et al (2016) 3(3): 558-563 .…”