Advance in the conceptual design of the European DEMO magnet system

Sedlák, Kamil; Anvar, V.A.; Bagrets, N.; Biancolini, Marco Evangelos; Bonifetto, Roberto; Bonne, François; Boso, Daniela P.; Brighenti, Alberto Fontanella; Bruzzone, Pierluigi; Celentano, G.; Chiappa, Andrea; D’Auria, Vincenzo; Dan, M.; Decool, P.; Corte, A. della; Dembkowska, Aleksandra; Dicuonzo, Ortensia; Ďuran, I.; Eisterer, M.; Ferro, A.; Zignani, C. Fiamozzi; Fietz, W.H.; Frittitta, C.; Gaio, E.; Giannini, Lorenzo; Giorgetti, F.; Gömöry, Fedor; Granados, X.; Guarino, Roberto; Heller, R.; Hoa, C.; Ivashov, Ilia; Jiolat, G.; Jirsa, M.; Jose, B.; Kembleton, R.; Kumar, Mithlesh; Lacroix, Benoît; Coz, Quentin Le; Lewandowska, Monika; Maistrello, A.; Misiara, Nicolas; Morici, L.; Muzzi, L.; Nicollet, S.; Nijhuis, Arend; Nunio, F.; Portafaix, C.; Romanelli, Gherardo; Sarasola, Xabier; Savoldi, Laura; Stepanov, B.; Tiseanu, Ion; Tomassetti, G.; Torre, A.; Turtù, S.; Uglietti, D.; Vallcorba, R.; Viererbl, L.; Vojenčiak, M.; Vorpahl, C.; Weiss, Klaus-Peter; Wesche, R.; Wolf, Michael; Zani, L.; Zanino, Roberto; Zappatore, Andrea; Corato, V.

doi:10.1088/1361-6668/ab75a9

Cited by 41 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Innovative design and technology solutions are required to meet the challenges of the DEMO magnet system. The strategy concerning magnets adopted pre-CDP until 2020 is presented in [35] and [36]. Demonstration at industrial level and validation of advanced solutions have been included in the CDP work-plan (2021-27).…”

Section: Advances In Science and Technology To Meet Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconductors for fusion: a roadmap

Mitchell

Zheng

Vorpahl³

et al. 2021

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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With the first tokamak designed for full nuclear operation now well into final assembly (ITER), and a major new research tokamak starting commissioning (JT60SA), nuclear fusion is becoming a mainstream potential energy source for the future. A critical part of the viability of magnetic confinement for fusion is superconductor technology. The experience gained and lessons learned in the application of this technology to ITER and JT60SA, together with new and improved superconducting materials, is opening multiple routes to commercial fusion reactors. The objective of this roadmap is, through a series of short articles, to outline some of these routes and the materials/technologies that go with them.

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Section: Advances In Science and Technology To Meet Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconductors for fusion: a roadmap

Mitchell

Zheng

Vorpahl³

et al. 2021

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…Due to the pulsing electromagnetic loads, all structures must be assessed under the static as well as fatigue behavior. This paper focuses on the main studies and calculations completed at the end of the pre-concept design phase of the DEMO system [3,4]. As detailed in the following, the assessment has been performed implementing the Finite Element method by defining a parametrical electromagnetic model and a related structural model of the machine, which consist of the three main magnetic systems (TF, PF and CS), the structures, the auxiliary components and the bolted joint connections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combined Electromagnetic and Mechanical Approach for EU-DEMO Toroidal Field Coils

2022

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The roadmap to fusion electricity of the European scientific program aims at the realization of the future DEMOnstration (DEMO) fusion power plant. In 2020, the pre-concept design phase of DEMO was completed, defining the concept and characteristics of the main magnets and structures of the machine. Sixteen toroidal D-shaped magnets, six poloidal annular coils and a central solenoid constitute the functioning system core. The reactor is subjected to huge mechanical loads, mainly due to the Lorentz force produced by the combination of the high magnetic fields and operative currents. As a consequence, the loading conditions are extremely demanding for the structural components, and it is crucial to complete a comprehensive static and fatigue assessment before proceeding with the next design iteration. This work focuses on the electromagnetic and structural analyses performed on the toroidal field coil system and its support structures to present the methodological approach developed. Exploiting the finite element method, a three-dimensional model has been defined to obtain the electromagnetic loads on the main time points of the reference plasma scenario and then transfer them to a related 3D structural model, corresponding to the discretization of the electromagnetic one. The structural model was used to obtain the displacement and stress fields at the various time points to perform the mechanical evaluation as well as the fatigue assessment.

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“…To withstand the Lorentz forces generated by the typical operating currents (order of magnitude from 70 to 80 kA circa) combined with magnetic fields from about 12-13 T, several toroidal field design options have been proposed for DEMO [6,7]. In 2016, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development) presented the WP#2 design option made up of 202 superconducting turns locally reinforced by a 316LN stainless steel jacket and globally reinforced by a stainless steel casing incapsulating the winding pack [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A methodological approach for the optimal design of the toroidal field coils of a tokamak device using artificial intelligence

Tomassetti¹,

Marzi²,

Zignani³

et al. 2021

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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As prototypes of future commercial tokamaks, DEMOs nuclear fusion power plants are expected to be able to produce cost-effective electrical power. In this view, an optimized design becomes crucial in the whole engineering workflow. Up to now, the design of one of the most critical components, the cross-section of each of the toroidal field coils inner leg winding pack, was performed using a sequential trial-and-error procedure. In this work, a novel comprehensive approach is proposed to include all the main design aspects into a unified tool taking advantage of artificial neural networks for faster computation in finding optimal design configurations. This procedure overcomes several difficulties including dealing with both real-valued and discrete design variables, the significant CPU-time of magneto-structural analysis and also guarantees the optimality for the winding pack configuration. The proposed methodology was demonstrated for the 2019 ENEA DEMO configuration which includes 16 toroidal field coils, made-up of 6 Nb3Sn double layers and a Wind and React manufacturing technique.

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Advance in the conceptual design of the European DEMO magnet system

Cited by 41 publications

References 52 publications

Superconductors for fusion: a roadmap

Superconductors for fusion: a roadmap

A Combined Electromagnetic and Mechanical Approach for EU-DEMO Toroidal Field Coils

A methodological approach for the optimal design of the toroidal field coils of a tokamak device using artificial intelligence

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