Adult Zebrafish Model of Streptococcal Infection

Phelps, Hilary A.; Runft, Donna L.; Neely, Melody N.

doi:10.1002/9780471729259.mc09d01s13

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. jci.org Volume 125 Number 6 June 2015 E8.5 (31,56,57). To examine a functional role for Snail1 during infection in vivo, we developed and used adult and larval zebrafish models for Streptococcal infection as previously described (32,33). As the zebrafish Snail1 homolog Snail1a is also required for EMT and neural crest development (58), this model was more amenable to the use of siRNA silencing to globally knock down expression of Snail1a.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult zebrafish have been used to model Streptococcus iniae and, recently, GBS (32,33). When zebrafish were injected with WT GBS or a PBS vehicle control, we observed up to 90% mortality in GBS-infected fish ( Figure 7A) and high bacterial loads in the blood and brain (Supplemental Figure 3, A and B).…”

Section: Contribution Of Snail1 To Gbs-bbb Penetration In Vivomentioning

confidence: 91%

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Bacterial induction of Snail1 contributes to blood-brain barrier disruption

Kim¹,

Hancock²,

Bermúdez³

et al. 2015

J. Clin. Invest.

109

111

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contribution Of Snail1 To Gbs-bbb Penetration In Vivomentioning

confidence: 91%

Bacterial induction of Snail1 contributes to blood-brain barrier disruption

Kim¹,

Hancock²,

Bermúdez³

et al. 2015

J. Clin. Invest.

109

111

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“…For the larva infections, zebrafish at 5 days postfertilization (dpf) were used. Zebrafish were bred and maintained as previously reported (34). For anesthesia, zebrafish were placed in 100 ml of 168 g/ml Tricaine (ethyl-3 aminobenzoate methanesulfonate salt; catalog no.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish as a Natural Host Model for Vibrio cholerae Colonization and Transmission

Runft

Mitchell

Abuaita

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The human diarrheal disease cholera is caused by the aquatic bacterium Vibrio cholerae. V. cholerae in the environment is associated with several varieties of aquatic life, including insect egg masses, shellfish, and vertebrate fish. Here we describe a novel animal model for V. cholerae, the zebrafish. Pandemic V. cholerae strains specifically colonize the zebrafish intestinal tract after exposure in water with no manipulation of the animal required. Colonization occurs in close contact with the intestinal epithelium and mimics colonization observed in mammals. Zebrafish that are colonized by V. cholerae transmit the bacteria to naive fish, which then become colonized. Striking differences in colonization between V. cholerae classical and El Tor biotypes were apparent. The zebrafish natural habitat in Asia heavily overlaps areas where cholera is endemic, suggesting that zebrafish and V. cholerae evolved in close contact with each other. Thus, the zebrafish provides a natural host model for the study of V. cholerae colonization, transmission, and environmental survival. Vibrio cholerae, the cause of the severe human diarrheal disease cholera, is also a ubiquitous inhabitant of coastal regions around the globe. As is the case for all species within the Vibrio genus, V. cholerae is an aquatic bacterium that may be found both freely swimming and in association with various forms of aquatic flora and fauna (1-5). The environmental lifestyle and reservoirs of V. cholerae have only in recent years become the subject of vigorous research and remain poorly understood.Over 200 V. cholerae serogroups have been identified from environmental sampling. However, only the O1 and O139 serogroups are capable of causing cholera. The O1 serogroup is further subdivided into two biotypes, classical and El Tor (6). Classical biotype V. cholerae is thought to have caused the first six of the seven known cholera pandemics beginning in 1817 and produces a more severe form of cholera. El Tor V. cholerae is responsible for the seventh pandemic, which began in 1961 and continues to the present day. El Tor strains are thought to be better suited for environmental survival, although the reasons for this are not clear. However, classical biotype strains are currently very difficult, if not impossible, to isolate from the environment, suggesting that El Tor strains have fully occupied the V. cholerae environmental niche. O139 serogroup strains, which caused large cholera outbreaks in the 1990s, have been shown to be derived from El Tor strains (7). In recent years some hybrid strains that closely resemble El Tor strains but also contain genetic material from classical strains have been isolated from cholera patients (8-10).To become a human pathogen, V. cholerae must be ingested in contaminated water or seafood. After ingestion, V. cholerae senses numerous signals resulting in production of virulence factors that permit colonization of the human intestine and ultimately cause the diarrhea that will transmit V. cholerae back into the environment...

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“…Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have been successfully used as a model to study the virulence mechanisms utilized by a number of Gram-negative as well as Gram-positive pathogens of fish and humans (Brenot et al, 2004;Davis et al, 2002;Goldberg et al, 2008;Menudier et al, 1996;Moyer & Hunnicutt, 2007;Neely et al, 2002;O'Toole et al, 2004;Phelps et al, 2009;Pressley et al, 2005;Prouty et al, 2003;Rawls et al, 2007;Rojo et al, 2007). The presence of an innate and adaptive immune system and its genetic tractability, as well as the ease of breeding and laboratory handling make zebrafish an ideal host model for analysing bacterial infections (Stemple & Driever, 1996;Sullivan & Kim, 2008;Zon, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish as a model for Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence

et al. 2013

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative, naturally occurring marine bacterium. Subpopulations of strains belonging to this species cause an acute self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and, less commonly, wound infections. In vivo models to differentiate avirulent and virulent strains and evaluate the pathogenic potential of strains of this species have been largely focused on the presence of known virulence factors such as the thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH), the TDH-related haemolysin (TRH) or the contributions of the type 3 secretion systems. However, virulence is likely to be multifactorial, and additional, yet to be identified factors probably contribute to virulence in this bacterium. In this study, we investigated an adult zebrafish model to assess the overall virulence of V. parahaemolyticus strains. The model could detect differences in the virulence potential of strains when animals were challenged intraperitoneally, based on survival time. Differences in survival were noted irrespective of the source of isolation of the strain (environmental or clinical) and regardless of the presence or absence of the known virulence factors TDH and TRH, suggesting the influence of additional virulence factors. The model was also effective in comparing differences in virulence between the wild-type V. parahaemolyticus strain RIMD2210633 and isogenic pilin mutants DpilA and DmshA, a double mutant DpilA : DmshA, as well as a putative chitin-binding protein mutant, DgbpA.

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Adult Zebrafish Model of Streptococcal Infection

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

Bacterial induction of Snail1 contributes to blood-brain barrier disruption

Bacterial induction of Snail1 contributes to blood-brain barrier disruption

Zebrafish as a Natural Host Model for Vibrio cholerae Colonization and Transmission

Zebrafish as a model for Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence

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