Abstract:Background: We describe the first case of systemic cat scratch disease in a patient receiving peginterferon α-2a and ribavirin for treatment of hepatitis C. Cases of adult systemic CSD are extremely infrequent and immunomodulatory treatment for hepatitis C has been associated with aberrant host responses to common pathogens.
“…The incidence and aetiology of infectious diseases depend mainly on the geographical location. In addition to TBC, we were able to detect B. henselae by PCR in the liver in two cases, reflecting a systemic manifestation of cat‐scratch disease, which is rarely described (15, 16). We found EBV, CMV and Listeria as well as Y. pseudotuberculosis in a small number of cases, which are known to induce granulomatous liver lesions (12).…”
Hepatic granulomas have a broad range of underlying aetiologies. With a combined histological, clinical, serological, and molecular approach, we were able to clarify the cause in 64% of the cases. Owing to the diverse prognosis and therapeutic implications, a detailed interdisciplinary workup of all liver biopsies with granulomatous lesions is mandatory.
“…The incidence and aetiology of infectious diseases depend mainly on the geographical location. In addition to TBC, we were able to detect B. henselae by PCR in the liver in two cases, reflecting a systemic manifestation of cat‐scratch disease, which is rarely described (15, 16). We found EBV, CMV and Listeria as well as Y. pseudotuberculosis in a small number of cases, which are known to induce granulomatous liver lesions (12).…”
Hepatic granulomas have a broad range of underlying aetiologies. With a combined histological, clinical, serological, and molecular approach, we were able to clarify the cause in 64% of the cases. Owing to the diverse prognosis and therapeutic implications, a detailed interdisciplinary workup of all liver biopsies with granulomatous lesions is mandatory.
“…Combination therapy of pegylated interferon and ribavirin has been recommended and approved for patients with HCV infection [4]. But treatment is costly and causes many side effects [5]. Also not all patients who receive antiviral therapy are able to clear the virus and respond to treatment; only about 55% of patients can successfully clear the virus depending on virological factors and host factors including immunogenetic factors [6, 7].…”
Human leukocyte antigens class II play an important role in immune response against HCV. We investigated whether HLA class II alleles influence susceptibility to HCV infection and response to interferon therapy. HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 loci were genotyped using PCR-SSO Luminex technology. According to our regimen, 41 (66%) of patients achieved sustained virological response to combined treatment of IFN and ribavirin. Frequencies of DQB1∗0313 allele and DRB1∗04-DRB1∗11, DQB1∗0204-DQB1∗0313, DQB1∗0309-DQB1∗0313, and DQB1∗0313-DQB1∗0319 haplotypes were significantly more frequent in nonresponders than in responders. In contrast, DQB1∗02, DQB1∗06, DRB1∗13, and DRB1∗15 alleles were significantly more frequent in responders than in nonresponders. Similarly, DRB1∗1301, DRB1∗1361, and DRB1∗1369 alleles and DRB1∗1301-DRB1∗1328, DRB1∗1301-DRB1∗1361, DRB1∗1301-DRB1∗1369, DRB1∗1328-DRB1∗1361, and DRB1∗1328-DRB1∗1369 haplotypes were significantly found only in responders. Some alleles and linkages showed significantly different distributions between patient and healthy groups. These alleles may be used as predictors for response to treatment or to susceptibility to HCV infection in the Egyptian population.
“…can also co-infect patients with viral hepatitis B and C [13][14][15] and, perhaps, could be related to recurrences after liver transplantation or de novo hepatitis in these patients.…”
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