Adult Ratings of Child ADHD Symptoms: Importance of Race, Role, and Context

DuPaul, George J.

doi:10.1007/s10802-019-00615-5

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Only two studies reported the racial demographics of the participants included in the study ( Neef et al, 2005 ; Lewandowski et al, 2015 ), and only one study reported the participants’ socioeconomic background ( Lewandowski et al, 2015 ). Previous research has shown disparities in recognizing ADHD symptoms among racialized groups, predominantly African-American and Latino individuals ( Coker et al, 2016 ; DuPaul, 2020 ). This disparity is likely related to the underdiagnosis and undertreatment of ADHD among racialized individuals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The experience of effort in ADHD: a scoping review

Wagner,

Mason,

Eastwood

2024

Front. Psychol.

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BackgroundMental effort plays a critical role in regulating cognition. However, the experience of mental effort may differ for individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a disorder for which sustained mental effort ‘avoidance’ or ‘dislike’ is a criterion in the DSM. We conducted a scoping review to characterize the literature on the experiences of effort in ADHD.MethodsThis systematic scoping review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews and Joanna Briggs Methodology. PsycINFO (OVID), PsycINFO (ProQuest) and PubMed were searched for studies published in English before February 14, 2023. Studies must have included an ADHD population or a measure of ADHD symptomatology, in addition to a self-report measure of the experience of effort or the use of an effort preference paradigm. Two researchers reviewed all abstracts, and one researcher reviewed full-text articles.ResultsOnly 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Several gaps and inconsistencies in the research were identified in terms of method, definitions of effort, measurements of ADHD, and sample characteristics. Moreover, the pattern of results on the experience of effort was mixed.ConclusionDespite its diagnostic and conceptual significance, the experience of mental effort in ADHD is not well studied. Critical gaps were identified in the existing literature. A three-facet conceptualization of effort is proposed–specifically, task-elicited effort, volitionally exerted effort, and the affect associated with engaging in effort – to guide future explorations of the experience of effort in ADHD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The experience of effort in ADHD: a scoping review

Wagner,

Mason,

Eastwood

2024

Front. Psychol.

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“…Murray et al (2007) found that children at risk of ADHD exhibit significant differences in behavior patterns across settings. In addition, parents and teachers assume different roles and may have different expectations of children's behavior (DuPaul, 2020). As teachers, they may pay more attention to children's ability to sustain attention, not to interfere with class activities, and be seated for a long time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of ADHD symptoms in primary school students and investigation of parental awareness of ADHD and its influencing factors: A cross-sectional study

Wang

Dong

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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ObjectiveThe present study aimed to compare the differences in positive screening rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms between parents and teachers in the same sample of primary school students. Concurrently, parental awareness and information sources of ADHD were investigated, and possible relevant factors affecting parental awareness and their influence on positive screening rate of ADHD were analyzed.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Changchun, China, between September 2020 and January 2021. Parents of 1,118 primary school students and 24 head teachers were recruited in the survey. Data were collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire. It consisted of socio-demographic characteristics, ADHD symptom screening questionnaire, parental awareness, and information sources of ADHD.ResultsAmong the 1,118 primary school students, 30 (2.7%) and 60 (5.4%) students were positive for Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) screening in the parent version and teacher version, respectively. Parents had lower positive screening rates for ADHD symptoms than teachers. Relationship with children (mother, OR = 1.552, 95% CI = 1.104–2.180), bachelor degree or above of parents (OR = 1.526, 95% CI = 1.054–2.210), children’s sex (girl, OR = 1.442, 95% CI = 1.093–1.904), and age (OR = 1.344, 95% CI = 1.030–1.754), children’s grade (grade 2, OR = 0.522, 95% CI = 0.310–0.878; grade 3, OR = 0.388, 95% CI = 0.185–0.782), information sources of ADHD (medical staff, OR = 1.494, 95% CI = 1.108–2.015; family/relative/friend, OR = 1.547, 95% CI = 1.148–2.083; TV/Internet, OR = 3.200, 95% CI = 2.270–4.510) were the factors related to the parental awareness of ADHD.ConclusionParents and teachers of primary school students recognize ADHD symptoms differently. The positive screening rate of ADHD among teachers was significantly higher than that of parents. Relationship with children, educational level of parents, children’s sex, age, and grade, and information sources of ADHD are the relevant factors affecting parental awareness of ADHD. More efforts should be made to disseminate ADHD knowledge through mass media, and medical staff. Fathers, parents with low educational level, and parents of grade 2 and 3 pupils should be encouraged to acquire more knowledge on ADHD to improve the early recognition rate of ADHD symptoms.Clinical trial registration[http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=54 072], identifier [ChiCTR2000033388].

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“…Bu nedenle, çocuk ve yetişkin rolü (yani ebeveyn veya öğretmen) ile çevresel bağlamın (ör. sınıftan eve) bir işlevi olarak ebeveyn ve öğretmen derecelendirmelerinin tutarsız olması mümkündür (DuPaul, 2020). DEHB olan kişilerde dikkatin, hareketlerin ve dürtüselliğin kontrol edilmesinde görülen zorluklar nedeniyle çocukluk döneminde açığa çıkan olumsuz etkiler her yaşam döneminde farklı yaşam sorunlarına yol açmaktadır (Saraçoğlu ve Doğan, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

DEHB’li Çocuklara Uygulanan Oyun Programının Öncesi ve Sonrasında Semptom Düzeylerinin Kontrol Grubuyla Karşılaştırılması

Çakici¹

2021

Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi

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Adult Ratings of Child ADHD Symptoms: Importance of Race, Role, and Context

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

The experience of effort in ADHD: a scoping review

The experience of effort in ADHD: a scoping review

Screening of ADHD symptoms in primary school students and investigation of parental awareness of ADHD and its influencing factors: A cross-sectional study

DEHB’li Çocuklara Uygulanan Oyun Programının Öncesi ve Sonrasında Semptom Düzeylerinin Kontrol Grubuyla Karşılaştırılması

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