Adult Psychiatric Outcomes of Bullying and Being Bullied by Peers in Childhood and Adolescence

Copeland, William E.; Wolke, Dieter; Angold, Adrian; Costello, E. Jane

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.504

Cited by 940 publications

(816 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Of the 1,420 study participants, 1,334 (93.9%) provided blood spot samples assayed for CRP in 1 year or more. The median number of CRP samples provided was 5 [mean 4.77 (SD 2.24); range [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Childhood bullying involvement predicts low-grade systemic inflammation into adulthood

Copeland

Wolke

Lereya

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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238

191

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Significance Bullying is a common childhood experience that affects children at all income levels and racial/ethnic groups. Being a bully victim has long-term adverse consequences on physical and mental health and financial functioning, but bullies themselves display few ill effects. Here, we show that victims suffer from greater increases in low-grade systemic inflammation from childhood to young adulthood than are seen in others. In contrast, bullies showed lower increases in inflammation into adulthood compared with those uninvolved in bullying. Elevated systemic low-grade inflammation is a mechanism by which this common childhood social adversity may get under the skin to affect adult health functioning, even many years later.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic victims and bully/victims display the worst health and psychosocial outcomes (1,2,4). It is hypothesized that both these groups will have more systemic inflammation because of the social strain of victimization.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood bullying involvement predicts low-grade systemic inflammation into adulthood

Copeland

Wolke

Lereya

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

238

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…physical illness, poor general health) and mental health (e.g. anxiety, depression) consequences of bullying victimization have been well documented (Copeland, Wolke, Angold, & Costello, 2013; Takizawa, Maughan, & Arseneault, 2014; Ttofi & Farrington, 2012; Wolke et al, 2013). Some studies have even found this association to have an influence over and above other forms of childhood victimization (Espelage et al, 2016; Lereya, Copeland, Costello, & Wolke, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mediating role of shame in the relationship between childhood bullying victimization and adult psychosocial adjustment

Strøm

Aakvaag

Birkeland

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Psychological distress following experiencing bullying victimization in childhood has been well documented. Less is known about the impact of bullying victimization on psychosocial adjustment problems in young adulthood and about potential pathways, such as shame. Moreover, bullying victimization is often studied in isolation from other forms of victimization. Objective: This study investigated (1) whether childhood experiences of bullying victimization and violence were associated with psychosocial adjustment (distress, impaired functioning, social support barriers) in young adulthood; (2) the unique effect of bullying victimization on psychosocial adjustment; and (3) whether shame mediated the relationship between bullying victimization and these outcomes in young adulthood. Method: The sample included 681 respondents (aged 19–37 years) from a follow-up study (2017) conducted via phone interviews derived from a community telephone survey collected in 2013. Results: The regression analyses showed that both bullying victimization and severe violence were significantly and independently associated with psychological distress, impaired functioning, and increased barriers to social support in young adulthood. Moreover, causal mediation analyses indicated that when childhood physical violence, sexual abuse, and sociodemographic factors were controlled, shame mediated 70% of the association between bullying victimization and psychological distress, 55% of the association between bullying victimization and impaired functioning, and 40% of the association between bullying victimization and social support barriers. Conclusions: Our findings support the growing literature acknowledging bullying victimization as a trauma with severe and long-lasting consequences and indicate that shame may be an important pathway to continue to explore. The unique effect of bullying victimization, over and above the effect of violence, supports the call to integrate the two research fields.

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“…Experiences that occur during adolescence can thereby impart long-lasting impact. One such factor, stress during adolescence, increases the risk for psychiatric disorders (Bremner, 2003;Beardslee et al, 2012;Copeland et al, 2013). Adolescence is also unique in the symptomology of mood and anxiety disorders (Carlson and Kashani, 1988;Rao et al, 2007;Allen et al, 2010;Kessler et al, 2010), and the overall lability of mood and emotion (Dahl, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Repeated Stress on Age-Dependent GABAergic Regulation of the Lateral Nucleus of the Amygdala

Zhang

Rosenkranz

2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The adolescent age is associated with lability of mood and emotion. The onset of depression and anxiety disorders peaks during adolescence and there are differences in symptomology during adolescence. This points to differences in the adolescent neural circuitry that underlies mood and emotion, such as the amygdala. The human adolescent amygdala is more responsive to evocative stimuli, hinting to less local inhibitory regulation of the amygdala, but this has not been explored in adolescents. The amygdala, including the lateral nucleus (LAT) of the basolateral amygdala complex, is sensitive to stress. The amygdala undergoes maturational processes during adolescence, and therefore may be more vulnerable to harmful effects of stress during this time period. However, little is known about the effects of stress on the LAT during adolescence. GABAergic inhibition is a key regulator of LAT activity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test whether there are differences in the local GABAergic regulation of the rat adolescent LAT, and differences in its sensitivity to repeated stress. We found that LAT projection neurons are subjected to weaker GABAergic inhibition during adolescence. Repeated stress reduced in vivo endogenous and exogenous GABAergic inhibition of LAT projection neurons in adolescent rats. Furthermore, repeated stress decreased measures of presynaptic GABA function and interneuron activity in adolescent rats. In contrast, repeated stress enhanced glutamatergic drive of LAT projection neurons in adult rats. These results demonstrate age differences in GABAergic regulation of the LAT, and age differences in the mechanism for the effects of repeated stress on LAT neuron activity. These findings provide a substrate for increased mood lability in adolescents, and provide a substrate by which adolescent repeated stress can induce distinct behavioral outcomes and psychiatric symptoms.

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Adult Psychiatric Outcomes of Bullying and Being Bullied by Peers in Childhood and Adolescence

Cited by 940 publications

References 35 publications

Childhood bullying involvement predicts low-grade systemic inflammation into adulthood

Childhood bullying involvement predicts low-grade systemic inflammation into adulthood

The mediating role of shame in the relationship between childhood bullying victimization and adult psychosocial adjustment

Effects of Repeated Stress on Age-Dependent GABAergic Regulation of the Lateral Nucleus of the Amygdala

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