Adult Facial Growth: Applications to Aesthetic Surgery

Levine, Richard A.; Garza, Jaime R.; Wang, Peter T. H.; Hurst, Cecil; Dev, Vipul R.

doi:10.1007/s00266-003-2112-4

Cited by 52 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Based on documented decreases in certain craniofacial angles, Pessa (2000) suggests the midface undergoes clockwise rotation relative to the cranial base with age. Though Levine et al (2003) rejected this assertion, Shaw and Kahn's (2007) reevaluation of Pessa's (2000) work did detect age-related reductions in certain craniofacial angles.The vast majority of these investigations employ linear or angular measurements derived from dry crania, plain radiographic films, or CT scans. Though the collection and analysis of such measures continue to be widely utilized in various disciplines, the last two decades of research have also seen the incorporation of geometric …”

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confidence: 89%

Regional shape change in adult facial bone curvature with age

Williams

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2010

American J Phys Anthropol

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Life expectancies have increased dramatically over the last 100 years, affording greater opportunities to study the impact of age on adult craniofacial morphology. This article employs a novel application of established geometric morphometric methods to examine shape differences in adult regional facial bone curvature with age. Three-dimensional semilandmarks representing the curvature of the orbits, zygomatic arches, nasal aperture, and maxillary alveolar process were collected from a cross-sectional cranial sample of mixed sex and ancestry (male and female; African- and European-American), partitioned into three age groups (young adult = 18-39; middle-aged = 40-59 years; and elderly = 60+ years). Each facial region's semilandmarks were aligned into a common coordinate system via generalized Procrustes superimposition. Regional variation in shape was then explored via a battery of multivariate statistical techniques. Age-related shape differences were detected in the orbits, zygomatic arches, and maxillary alveolar process. Interactions between age, sex, and ancestry were also identified. Vector plots revealed patterns of superoinferior compression, lateral expansion, and posterior recession depending on the population/subpopulation, location, and age groups examined. These findings indicate that adult craniofacial curvature shape is not static throughout human life. Instead, age-related spatial modifications occur in various regions of the craniofacial skeleton. Moreover, these regional alterations vary not only through time, but across human populations and the sexes.

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confidence: 89%

Regional shape change in adult facial bone curvature with age

Williams

Slice

2010

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…The facial bones in the lower periorbital region also lose volume, contributing to the focal deflation and loss of eyelid support in the inferior orbital rim area. [3][4][5][6][7] Received for publication December 13, 2004 …”

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confidence: 99%

The Three Periorbital Hollows: A Paradigm for Periorbital Rejuvenation

Goldberg¹

2005

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

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“…Tear trough deformity is characterized by loss of subcutaneous fat and thinning of the skin over the orbital rim ligaments combined with midface descent. [4][5][6][7][8][9] It is often related to forward projection of the bone of the upper cheek, and it may be more common in patients with either congenital or age-related maxillary hypoplasia. A prominent tear trough deformity is characterized by a sunken appearance of the globe that results in the casting of a dark shadow over the nasal lower eyelid giving the patient a fatigued appearance despite adequate rest and is refractory to attempts at cosmetic concealment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%