Adult Ependymal Cells Are Postmitotic and Are Derived from Radial Glial Cells during Embryogenesis

Spassky, Nathalie; Merkle, Florian T.; Flames, Nuria; Tramontin, Anthony D.; García‐Verdugo, José Manuel; Alvarez-Buylla, Arturo

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1108-04.2005

Cited by 601 publications

(742 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(67 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

668

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Proliferation of adult brain LV ependymal cells (18) can also be detected after a stroke. Although previous studies failed to detect cell proliferation in these ependymal cells under physiological conditions (19), active proliferation of LV ependymal cells has been confirmed in several experiments in vitro (11,20). In the present study, we present evidence that LV ependymal cells demonstrate proliferative capacity both in vitro and in vivo; most importantly, they have the potential to give rise to inner ear hair cell-like phenotypes.…”

supporting

confidence: 55%

Cells of adult brain germinal zone have properties akin to hair cells and can be used to replace inner ear sensory cells after damage

Wei

Levic

Nie

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Auditory hair cell defect is a major cause of hearing impairment, often leading to spiral ganglia neuron (SGN) degeneration. The cell loss that follows is irreversible in mammals, because inner ear hair cells (HCs) have a limited capacity to regenerate. Here, we report that in the adult brain of both rodents and humans, the ependymal layer of the lateral ventricle contains cells with proliferative potential, which share morphological and functional characteristics with HCs. In addition, putative neural stem cells (NSCs) from the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle can differentiate into functional SGNs. Also important, the NSCs can incorporate into the sensory epithelia, demonstrating their therapeutic potential. We assert that NSCs and edendymal cells can undergo an epigenetic functional switch to assume functional characteristics of HCs and SGNs. This study suggests that the functional plasticity of renewable cells and conditions that promote functional reprogramming can be used for cell therapy in the auditory setting.cochlea ͉ ependymal cells ͉ hearing restoration ͉ neural stem cells ͉ spiral ganglia neurons

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 55%

Cells of adult brain germinal zone have properties akin to hair cells and can be used to replace inner ear sensory cells after damage

Wei

Levic

Nie

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Prominin labels cells that contact and line the lateral ventricle, including ependymal cells that undergo phenotypic maturation during the first postnatal week [23]. One of the functions of these cells is to regulate exchange between the cerebrospinal and the interstitial fluid [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, double-immunopositive cells were preferentially located at the apical border of the germinal region, suggesting that they may represent cells directly contacting the ventricular cavity. In the postnatal SEZ, prominin is expressed by multiciliated ependymal cells and stem cells displaying one short cilium protruding into the ventricular cavity [22][23][24]. We, therefore, used prominin expression to isolate cells contacting the lateral ventricle.…”

Section: Gaba a Rs Activation Increases Proliferation Of Prominin 1 Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

GABAA Receptor Signaling Induces Osmotic Swelling and Cell Cycle Activation of Neonatal Prominin+ Precursors

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Signal-regulated changes in cell size affect cell division and survival and therefore are central to tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis. In this respect, GABA receptors (GABA A Rs) are of particular interest because allowing anions flow across the cell membrane modulates the osmolyte flux and the cell volume. Therefore, we have here investigated the hypothesis that GABA may regulate neural stem cell proliferation by inducing cell size changes. We found that, besides neuroblasts, also neural precursors in the neonatal murine subependymal zone sense GABA via GABA A Rs. However, unlike in neuroblasts, where it induced depolarization-mediated [Ca 21 ] i increase, GABA A Rs activation in precursors caused hyperpolarization. This resulted in osmotic swelling and increased surface expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs). Furthermore, activation of GABA A Rs signaling in vitro in the presence of EGF modified the expression of the cell cycle regulators, phosphatase and tensin homolog and cyclin D1, increasing the pool of cycling precursors without modifying cell cycle length. A similar effect was observed on treatment with diazepam. We also demonstrate that GABA and diazepam responsive precursors represent prominin 1 stem cells. Finally, we show that as in in vitro also in in vivo a short administration of diazepam promotes EGFR expression in prominin 1 stem cells causing activation and cell cycle entry. Thus, our data indicate that endogenous GABA is a part of a regulatory mechanism of size and cell cycle entry of neonatal stem cells. Our results also have potential implications for the therapeutic practices that involve exposure to GABA A Rs modulators during neurodevelopment. STEM CELLS 2011;29:307-319 Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.

show abstract

“…Embryonic and postnatal ependymal cells have previously been shown to be derived from a subset of radial glia, suggesting that these cells are neural stem or precursor cells (95). The ability to prospectively identify such radial glial-like subsets from pediatric ependymoma is necessary to refute the tumor-initiating attribute of these (98).…”

Section: Ependymoma-initiating Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Ependymoma: Biological Perspectives

Kilday

Rahman

Dyer

et al. 2009

Molecular Cancer Research

167

204

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pediatric ependymomas are enigmatic tumors that continue to present a clinical management challenge despite advances in neurosurgery, neuroimaging techniques, and radiation therapy. Difficulty in predicting tumor behavior from clinical and histological factors has shifted the focus to the molecular and cellular biology of ependymoma in order to identify new correlates of disease outcome and novel therapeutic targets. This article reviews our current understanding of pediatric ependymoma biology and includes a meta-analysis of all comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) studies done on primary ependymomas to date, examining more than 300 tumors. From this meta-analysis and a review of the literature, we show that ependymomas in children exhibit a different genomic profile to those in adults and reinforce the evidence that ependymomas from different locations within the central nervous system (CNS) are distinguishable at a genomic level. Potential biological markers of prognosis in pediatric ependymoma are assessed and the ependymoma cancer stem cell hypothesis is highlighted with respect to tumor resistance and recurrence. We also discuss the shifting paradigm for treatment modalities in ependymoma that target molecular alterations in tumor-initiating cell populations. (Mol Cancer Res 2009;7(6):765-86)

show abstract

Adult Ependymal Cells Are Postmitotic and Are Derived from Radial Glial Cells during Embryogenesis

Cited by 601 publications

References 58 publications

Cells of adult brain germinal zone have properties akin to hair cells and can be used to replace inner ear sensory cells after damage

Cells of adult brain germinal zone have properties akin to hair cells and can be used to replace inner ear sensory cells after damage

GABAA Receptor Signaling Induces Osmotic Swelling and Cell Cycle Activation of Neonatal Prominin+ Precursors

Pediatric Ependymoma: Biological Perspectives

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About