Adult Crime, Adult Time

Myers, David L.

doi:10.1177/1541204002250878

Cited by 47 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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Section: Juvenile Transfer Status In Adult Criminal Courtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While much scholarship has examined the adult court sentencing of transferred youth relative to their peers retained in the juvenile court (e.g., Jordan & Myers, 2011; Kupchik, 2006; Myers, 2003), some recent focus has been directed to the punishment of transferred juveniles compared to adults. The findings from this latter body of work have been highly mixed, with some research supporting the existence of a “juvenile penalty” but other studies revealing that juveniles receive a “youth discount.” Specifically, some early evidence showed that transferred youth are more likely than young adults to receive incarceration sentences, longer terms of imprisonment, and punitive sentencing guideline departures (Johnson & Kurlychek, 2012; Kurlychek & Johnson, 2004, 2010; Steiner, 2009).…”

Section: Juvenile Transfer Status In Adult Criminal Courtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Split Sentencing and the “Youth Discount” in Florida Criminal Courts

Lehmann

2022

Crime & Delinquency

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Prior research on the criminal court punishment of transferred youth relative to adult defendants has produced mixed findings; however, these disparities have not been examined in the context of intermediate and alternative sanctions. In Florida, judges have the discretion to assign a split sentence, which involves a mitigated term of imprisonment followed by a sentence to community supervision. Using data on felony cases sentenced under Florida’s Criminal Punishment Code ( N = 704,977), these results provide evidence of a “youth discount,” with juveniles more likely than adults to receive split sentences. However, this pattern is observed regardless of whether a prison sentence is recommended by the guidelines, that is, even among cases in which a split sentence represents an upward departure.

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Section: Juvenile Transfer Status In Adult Criminal Courtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Juvenile Transfer Status In Adult Criminal Courtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Split Sentencing and the “Youth Discount” in Florida Criminal Courts

Lehmann

2022

Crime & Delinquency

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“…Young people who have been transferred out of the Youth Court to be tried and sentenced as adults, are found to have re-offended more often, committed more serious crimes, and have done so at a faster rate than young people who have been retained within juvenile justice (see, e.g. Bishop et al, 1996; Fagan, 1996; Fagan and Piquero, 2007; Fagan et al, 2007; Jensen and Metsger, 1994; Jordan, 2014; Lanza-Kaduce et al, 2005; Loughran et al, 2010; Myers, 2003; Steiner et al, 2006). Overall, it can be stated that there is overwhelming evidence to suggest that neither general deterrence nor overall reductions in recidivism have been achieved by transferring young people to adult court (Jordan and Meyers, 2011; Sharlein, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Being Tried and Sentenced as an Adult: Amplifying Voices of Transferred Juveniles

Jaspers¹,

Christiaens²,

Nuytiens³

2023

Youth Justice

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This article analyses the qualitative findings of doctoral research on a sample of 210 young offenders who were transferred to Adult Court in 1999, 2000 and 2001. The results give an insight into the impact of juvenile transfer on a specific subgroup of participants, now aged between 30 and 40 years, allowing a critical evaluation of their pathways into adulthood. Drawing on the life stories of 17 young adults from a cohort of transferred juveniles who were still in prison at the time, we focus on their lived experiences of the decision to transfer them from the juvenile justice system and its impact on their lives. The findings support the idea that transfer, and its experienced ‘collateral’ effects, contributes to an escalating trajectory of judicial contacts; a view echoed by the transferred participants themselves. We present and discuss three main findings that offer important insights to extend the understandings of patterns of reoffending and involvement in the criminal justice system: (1) the impact of the first detention in an adult prison (as a consequence of the juvenile transfer), (2) a fatalistic attitude towards the future and (3) the unanticipated impact of family on views on re-offending.

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“…These goals, operations, and reasons are not always obvious and need to be exposed/explained/described. Punishment is also interesting to me because youth punishment is normally studied through its more severe strategies like prison (Cox 2011, Tonry 2011, Muncie 2004 or transfers to adult court (Allen and Superle 2016, Feld 1993, Myers 2003, Piñero 2013b which are often the exception. Consequently, this hides other legal punishments (e.g., community sentences and diversion) and punishment in other systems (e.g., in education).…”

Section: Research Needs In the Study Youth Punishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Youth punishment may be about managing time (Pratt 1990), infiltrating adult philosophies (Piñero 2013a) and subjective understandings (Whitehead and Arthur 2011). More development in the area will allow me to move beyond the work that documents where youth are punished like adults (see Bateman 2011b, a, Bishop 2000, Feld 1993, Myers 2003, Piñero 2013a or assumes that the same social, economic, political, moral or cultural practice leads to the same process of criminalization and punishment.…”

Section: Studies Of Youth Punishment: Theoretical and Explanatory Defmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observing Youth Punishment in the Social Systems of Law and Education

Coady¹

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This dissertation explores youth punishment in Canada in the social systems of law and education. My research contributes to work in the sociologies of youth, punishment, education, and law, youth justice, and social systems theory. The present study is guided by a concern that there is a need for a meaningful account of youth punishment in social systems. It specifically focuses on three problems in the sociological study of youth punishment: a gloomy state of theorizing; the absence of a more frontally distinct analysis of youth punishment beyond the realm of exclusion; and the underdevelopment of inter-systemic and intra-systemic features of youth punishment. This study confronts these issues with an exploratory qualitative analysis of how punishment operates in the social systems of law and education. The questions guiding this work include: 1) how are youth punished in the systems of law and education, and 2) in the context of youth punishment in social systems, are the social systems of law and education linked, influenced or coupled, and if so, how?My project is different from other scholarship in the field as it relies on insights from Niklas Luhmann's contemporary social systems theory. This theory argues that social systems operate communicationally and the world is made up of functionally differentiated systems. This framework points me to study the legal and educational communications of punishment. This perspective foregrounds the inter-systemic and intra-systemic features of youth punishment in law and education. While many important contributions focus on the effects of punishment (exclusion, harshness, inequality…) and what (over)determines punishment (race, culture, morality, fears, politics…), my work addresses the absence of an empirical and theoretical understanding of youth punishment from the point of view of social systems.My research highlights the peculiarities of punishment in the social systems of law and education, and shows how punishment can connect social systems. I expose how there are distinctly educational and distinctly legal features of youth punishment. First, I present a suite of intra-systemic features of punishment in law. The peculiarities of youth punishment in law are captured with law's focus on offering protection, distinguishing fools from fiends, observing the character and associated consequences of youth behaviour, and pursuing accountability. Second, I show the peculiarities of youth punishment in education by documenting education's focus on the locality of behaviour, school climate, and progressive discipline. Finally, I analyse how education and law are able to influence each other, which means that law can productively make use of education and education can productively make use of law.My study provides the opportunity to be cognizant of the day-to-day workings of legal and educational punishment and the interactions between these two systems. This research shows that more attention could be paid to both the peculiarities of different social systems where pun...

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Adult Crime, Adult Time

Cited by 47 publications

References 63 publications

Split Sentencing and the “Youth Discount” in Florida Criminal Courts

Split Sentencing and the “Youth Discount” in Florida Criminal Courts

Being Tried and Sentenced as an Adult: Amplifying Voices of Transferred Juveniles

Observing Youth Punishment in the Social Systems of Law and Education

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