Adult Consequences of Extremely Preterm Birth

Nuyt, Anne Monique; Lavoie, Jean-Claude; Mohamed, Ibrahim; Paquette, Katryn; Luu, Thuy Mai

doi:10.1016/j.clp.2017.01.010

Cited by 67 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…Some studies have suggested that prematurity might be a risk factor for inflammation activation (39,46) and the subsequent development of overweight/obesity (47), metabolic syndrome (46) and CVD (39). The influence of IUGR on inflammation and endothelial activation (48,49), as well as on chronic inflammatory diseases, has also been documented (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prematurity With Extrauterine Growth Restriction Increases the Risk of Higher Levels of Glucose, Low-Grade of Inflammation and Hypertension in Prepubertal Children

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prematurity With Extrauterine Growth Restriction Increases the Risk of Higher Levels of Glucose, Low-Grade of Inflammation and Hypertension in Prepubertal Children

et al. 2020

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“…An estimated 10% of neonates are born preterm; more than 95% of these babies live[1]. In preterm newborns, significant insults result from the exposure of immature antioxidant defence systems to pro-oxidants, such as oxygen, UV light, parenteral nutrition, and plastic derivatives[2]. Oxidative stress has been established in the causal pathway of two common short-term sequelae of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity, as well as death[3–5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer risk in children and young adults born preterm: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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IntroductionRisk of developing a malignancy when born premature is unknown. We hypothesised that risk of certain cancers might be increased in youth born preterm versus term. We therefore performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the incidence of malignancy in the context of preterm birth, according to various cancer types.MethodsThe study was designed per MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines. Articles were identified through November 2015. Observational studies exploring the association between childhood malignancy and birth characteristics were included. Of the 1658 records identified, 109 full text articles were evaluated for eligibility. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted on 10/26 studies retained; 95% confidence intervals were computed and adjusted following sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots, Begg’s and Egger’s tests.ResultsNo differences in risk of primary central nervous system tumor [OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.93–1.17, 5 studies, 580 cases] and neuroblastoma [OR 1.09; 95% CI 0.90–1.32, 5 studies, 211 cases] were observed in individuals born <37 versus ≥37 weeks’ gestation. Preterm birth was consistently associated with hepatoblastoma [ORs 3.12 (95% CI 2.32–4.20), 1.52 (95% CI 1.1–2.1), 1.82 (95% CI 1.01–3.26), and 2.65 (95% CI 1.98–3.55)], but not leukemia, astrocytoma, ependymoma, medulloblastoma, lymphoma, nephroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, retinoblastoma or thyroid cancer.ConclusionsChildren born premature may be at increased risk for hepatoblastoma but there is no strong evidence of an increased risk of primary central nervous system tumours or neuroblastoma. There is insufficient evidence to conclude whether prematurity modulates the risk of other childhood cancers.

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“…This also supports the implication that adolescence is a crucial window for early prevention of LVH later in life. Many researchers accumulated a lot of data suggesting that altered organogenesis and function in preterm birth infants provide targets for preventive and therapeutic strategies to minimize development of CV risks later on 62). While most articles stress the long-term CV risks of IUGR prematurely born adolescents, there also are contrasting papers suggesting that the increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis evaluated with cIMT was reduced if elevated BP during childhood was resolved by adulthood 63)…”

Section: Pediatric Hypertension and Long-term Cardiovascular Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Pressure Trajectories from Childhood to Adolescence in Pediatric Hypertension

Hong

2019

Korean Circ J

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It has been known for a long time that elevated blood pressure (BP) in the young may persist and progress into adult hypertension (HTN). Multiple studies have revealed the predicted BP trajectory lines starting from childhood and related them to later cardiovascular (CV) risks in adulthood. As a small baby grows into a tall adult, BP will also naturally increase. Among early-life predictors of adult HTN, birth history, such as prematurity, and low birth weight have been popular subjects in research on pediatric HTN, because body size at birth has been reported to be inversely related to the risk of adulthood HTN. The hypothesis of HTN in prematurely born adolescents has been postulated as a physiological predisposition to postnatal excessive weight gain. Current body weight is a well-known independent predictor of HTN in children, and some studies showed that children demonstrating upward crossing of their weight percentiles while growing into adolescents have significantly increased risk for elevated BP later in life. Recently, reports focused on the adverse effect of excessive catch-up growth in this population are gradually drawing attention. Accordingly, children born prematurely or with intrauterine growth restriction who show rapid changes in their weight percentile should be under surveillance with BP monitoring. Prevention of childhood obesity, along with special care for premature infants or infants small for their gestational age, by providing healthy nutritional guidelines should be cardinal strategies for the prevention of adult HTN and CV risks later in life.

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Adult Consequences of Extremely Preterm Birth

Cited by 67 publications

References 143 publications

Prematurity With Extrauterine Growth Restriction Increases the Risk of Higher Levels of Glucose, Low-Grade of Inflammation and Hypertension in Prepubertal Children

Prematurity With Extrauterine Growth Restriction Increases the Risk of Higher Levels of Glucose, Low-Grade of Inflammation and Hypertension in Prepubertal Children

Cancer risk in children and young adults born preterm: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Blood Pressure Trajectories from Childhood to Adolescence in Pediatric Hypertension

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