Adult community-acquired pneumonia with unusually enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes: A case report

Abstract

Adult community-acquired pneumonia (ACAP) is the most prevalent pulmonary infectious disease that may be asymptomatic or have varying clinical presentations. Patients with ACAP often present with enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on their chest computed tomography images. However, large irregular swollen lymph nodes are rarely reported in ACAP, and may therefore be confused with enlarged lymph node masses. In the present case report, the patient presented with lymph node masses, which were ameliorated to their normal size following antimicrobial treatment. The patient was 24 years old and otherwise healthy, which led to a pronounced and excessive immune response to pneumonia in the lymph nodes. Atypical pneumonia is difficult to diagnose based on imaging features. The present case report demonstrates that patients with pneumonia may present with unusually enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes, which are most likely, a result of a strong immune response to pneumonia.

Clinical Factors and Quantitative CT Parameters Associated With ICU Admission in Patients of COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Multicenter Study

“…This independent predictive value may strongly suggest that the addition of total lung involvement may be the most valuable risk factor of COVID-19 pneumonia progression. A recent study conducted a multicenter retrospective study involving patients with moderate COVID-19 pneumonia to investigate the utility of CT and clinical characteristics to risk-stratify the patients and found that CT score was associated with inflammatory levels and that older age, higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and CT score on admission are independent risk factors for short-term progression ( 37 ). Similar to this research, we also found the CT score differences between groups, while its predictive value was surpassed by quantitative CT parameters.…”