Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Identified by Neuropsychological Testing

Dige, Niels; Wik, Gustav

doi:10.1080/00207450590519058

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Both immediate recall and delayed recall (after 30 min) were significantly impaired when compared to control subjects. Dige and Wik (2005) examined memory functioning in 48 untreated adult ADHD patients. Compared to healthy controls, ADHD patients scored significantly worse on the auditory Consonant trigram test (verbal dual-task memory), the Benton Visual Retention test (short-term memory), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning test (immediate and delayed recall, recognition), and the modified Diagnosticum für Cerebralschädigung (visual learning and long-term memory).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylphenidate significantly improves declarative memory functioning of adults with ADHD

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDeclarative memory deficits are common in untreated adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but limited evidence exists to support improvement after treatment with methylphenidate. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of methylphenidate on memory functioning of adults with ADHD.MethodsEighteen adults with ADHD who were clinical responders to methylphenidate participated in this randomized crossover trial. After 3 days of no treatment, patients received in random order either their usual methylphenidate dose (mean: 14.7 mg; range: 10–30 mg) or placebo, separated by a 6–7-day washout period. Patients performed an immediate word recall test 1 h after treatment administration. Three hours after intake, patients performed the second part of the memory test (delayed word recall and a recognition test).ResultsDelayed recognition and immediate recall was similar on treatment and on placebo. Delayed word recall was significantly better in the methylphenidate than in the placebo condition (F1, 17 = 7.0, p < 0.017). A significant correlation was found between prestudy CES-D depression scores and difference scores on delayed recall (r = 0.602, p < 0.008).ConclusionMethylphenidate improves declarative memory functioning in patients with ADHD. New studies should further examine whether subclinical depressive symptoms mediate the effect of methylphenidate on declarative memory.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylphenidate significantly improves declarative memory functioning of adults with ADHD

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While some guidelines support primary reliance on behavioral features and rating scales (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2000), others support reliance on standardized neuropsychological evaluation along with behavioral report, records review, and detailed partitioning of features that are not specifically addressed in DSM-IV but which clarify comorbidity and enhance diagnostic accuracy. A number of important references exist regarding neuropsychological assessment and findings in presumptive ADHD (Dige & Wik, 2005;Fischer et al, 2005;Gallagher & Blader, 2001;Nigg, 2005b;Perugini, Harvey, Lovejoy, Sandstrom, & Webb, 2000;Schoechlin & Engel, 2005;Seidman, 2006) for those wishing to review assessment concepts and methods in greater detail.…”

Section: Obstacles To Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Neuropsychological Perspective Towards DSM-V

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuropsychological methods and techniques have much to offer in the evaluation of the individual suspected as having Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). After a review of the historical evolution of the ADHD concept, incidence and prevalence, and DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis, especially as regards omission related to gender differences, and other associated cultural, familial, socioenvironmental, and subject influences, this paper describes a number of dilemmas and obstacles encountered in clinical practice. Included are the confounds associated with the wide range of possible comorbidities, the insufficiency of current DSM-IV criteria, the emergence of subtype differentiation and its impact on diagnosis and treatment. The complex relationship between neuropsychological constructs and ADHD, and obstacles to valid assessment are also addressed. The complexities associated with a thorough ADHD evaluation are viewed within an impressive and expansive existing scientific framework and recommendations are made for future directions.

show abstract

“…An implication of this reasoning is that enhancement of executive functioning may decrease rates of delay discounting. For example, because poor working memory is associated with higher rates of delay discounting (Shamosh et al, 2008), and because disorders with excessive discounting also appear to exhibit suboptimal working memory (Alloway, 2011; Cornoldi et al, 2001; Dige & Wik, 2005; Forbes et al, 2009; Landro et al, 2001; Re et al, 2010), training working memory may decrease rates of discounting. To test this notion, Bickel et al (2011) conducted working memory training with stimulant users exhibiting deficits in working memory and excessive delay discounting.…”

Section: Implications For Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive discounting of delayed reinforcers as a trans-disease process contributing to addiction and other disease-related vulnerabilities: Emerging evidence

Bickel

Jarmolowicz

Mueller

et al. 2012

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

529

470

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Delay discounting describes the devaluation of a reinforcer as a function of the delay until its receipt. Although all people discount delayed reinforcers, one consistent finding is that substance-dependent individuals tend to discount delayed reinforcers more rapidly than do healthy controls. Moreover, these higher-than-normal discounting rates have been observed in individuals with other behavioral maladies such as pathological gambling, poor health behavior, and overeating. This suggests that high rates of delay discounting may be a trans-disease process (i.e., a process that occurs across a range of disorders, making findings from one disorder relevant to other disorders). In this paper, we argue that delay discounting is a trans-disease process, undergirded by an imbalance between two competing neurobehavioral decision systems. Implications for our understanding of, and treatment for, this trans-disease process are discussed.

show abstract

Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Identified by Neuropsychological Testing

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

Methylphenidate significantly improves declarative memory functioning of adults with ADHD

Methylphenidate significantly improves declarative memory functioning of adults with ADHD

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Neuropsychological Perspective Towards DSM-V

Excessive discounting of delayed reinforcers as a trans-disease process contributing to addiction and other disease-related vulnerabilities: Emerging evidence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About