Adult age differences in remembering faces.

Smith, Anderson D.; Winograd, Eugene

doi:10.1037/0012-1649.14.4.443

Cited by 100 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Faces, however, constitute an exception to this general finding of preserved picture recognition. In comparison with younger adults, older adults are significantly impaired in their recognition of unfamiliar faces (Bartlett, Leslie, Tubbs, & Fulton, 1989;Crook & Larrabee, 1992;Grady et al, 1995;Smith & Winograd, 1978). Moreover, neuroimaging studies of face perception and memory in older and younger adults have found different patterns of frontal and medio-temporal activation in older adults than in young (Grady, 2002;Grady et al, 1994;Grady et al, 1995).…”

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confidence: 97%

A lifespan database of adult facial stimuli

Minear

Park

2004

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers

1,072

821

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Faces constitute a unique and widely used category of stimuli. In spite of their importance, there are few collections of faces for use in research, none of which adequately represent the different ages of faces across the lifespan. This lack of a range of ages has limited the majority of researchers to using predominantly young faces as stimuli even when their hypotheses concern both young and old participants. We describe a database of 575 individual faces ranging from ages 18 to 93. Our database was developed to be more representative of age groups across the lifespan, with a special emphasis on recruiting older adults. The resulting database has faces of 218 adults age 18-29, 76 adults age 30-49, 123 adults age 50-69, and 158 adults age 70 and older. These faces may be acquired for research purposes from http://agingmind.cns.uiuc.edu/facedb/. This will allow researchers interested in using facial stimuli access to a wider age range of adult faces than has previously been available.

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confidence: 97%

A lifespan database of adult facial stimuli

Minear

Park

2004

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers

1,072

821

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“…However, there are agerelated differences in the recognition of faces (Bartlett & Leslie, 1986;Bartlett, Leslie, Tubbs, & Fulton, 1989;Ferris, Crook, Clark, McCarthy, & Rae, 1980;Smith & Winograd, 1978). These differences show a characteristic pattern of near age-invariance in hits in response to old faces and an age-related increase in false alarms in response to new faces (Bartlett et al, 1989;Bartlett, Strater, & Fulton, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

Familiarity and recognition of faces in old age

1991

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“…Participants are shown a series of faces labeled with proper names, and later in the procedure they are presented with the original faces and asked to give the particular name that appeared with each face (e.g., Crook et al, 1993;Evrard, 2002). However, such a task does not definitely tell us whether the deficit that older adults show stems from their poorer memory for the components (i.e., the face or name; there are indications that recognition memory for faces declines in late life, e.g., see Bartlett, Leslie, Tubbs, & Fulton, 1989;Crook & Larrabee, 1992;Smith & Winograd, 1978) or from their difficulty in accessing the appropriate name given a face in a cued-recalltype task.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Associative Memory Deficit of Older Adults: Further Support Using Face-Name Associations.

Naveh–Benjamin¹,

Guez²,

Kilb³

et al. 2004

Psychology and Aging

254

257

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Previous studies have established an associative deficit hypothesis (Naveh-Benjamin, 2000), which attributes part of older adults' deficient episodic memory performance to their difficulty in creating cohesive episodes. In this article, the authors further evaluate this hypothesis, using ecologically relevant materials. Young and old participants studied name-face pairs and were then tested on their recognition memory for the names, faces, and the name-face pairs. The results extend the conditions under which older adults exhibit an associative deficit. They also show that reduced attentional resources are not the sole mediator of this deficit.Studies show that memory abilities decline in old age (e.g., Craik & Jennings, 1992;Salthouse, 1991). This decline, however, seems to be differential, characterizing only some memory functions, with episodic memory being particularly vulnerable to the effects of age (e.g., Craik, 1999;Light, 1991). Past research has tried to explain the mechanisms underlying the age-related decline in episodic memory, and several hypotheses have been advanced to explain this decline in memory performance in old age (see Light, 1991, for a review).Recently, Chalfonte and Johnson (1996) and Mitchell, Johnson, Raye, Mather, and D'Esposito (2000) suggested a binding deficit hypothesis, showing that older adults have a particular deficit in memory that requires the binding of information to contextual elements. Naveh-Benjamin (2000) extended this suggestion and proposed an associative deficit hypothesis (ADH), which focuses on the distinction between memory for single units and memory for the associations between these units. The ADH claims that older adults' deficiency in creating and retrieving links between single units of information is one of the main factors that leads to poorer episodic memory. The degree to which a given memory task requires the creation or use of such associations is a significant determinant of old people's memory performance.Naveh-Benjamin (2000) used procedures that allow the independent assessment of memory for component and for associative information (Humphreys, 1976; see the Methods section). The results of four studies provided support for the ADH by showing that older adults exhibit an associative deficit for different types of relationships, including interitem (word-word or nonword-word), as well as intraitem ones (a word and the font in which it was presented). Naveh-Benjamin, Hussain, Guez, and Bar-On (2003) have recently replicated some of these results by using item and associative recognition tests. In the Naveh-Benjamin et al. (2003) study, older adults were shown to be particularly deficient in memory tests that require associations. In addition, older adults showed an associative deficit even when pictures, which usually are remembered well by older adults, are used. Finally, the results of that study supported a prediction made by an ADH, namely, that older adults will show less of an associative deficit when the components of the episodes used are ...

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Adult age differences in remembering faces.

Cited by 100 publications

References 3 publications

A lifespan database of adult facial stimuli

A lifespan database of adult facial stimuli

Familiarity and recognition of faces in old age

The Associative Memory Deficit of Older Adults: Further Support Using Face-Name Associations.

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