“…The assumption guiding this research is that recollection, familiarity, and commitment reflect the workings of ordinary memory processes, and thus it should not be necessary to expose participants to criminal actions to observe these effects (see Brown, Deffenbacher, & Sturgill, 1977;Ellis, Shepherd, & Davies, 1979;Gorenstein & Ellsworth, 1980;Haw et al, 2007;Hinz & Pezdek, 2001;Perfect & Harris, 2003;and Pezdek & Blandon-Gitlin, 2005, for related approaches). Instead, we presented participants with events involving actors performing everyday actions, using a methodology developed by Kersten, Earles, Curtayne, and Lane (2008;see also Earles, Kersten, Curtayne, & Perle, 2008;Kersten & Earles, 2010;Kersten, Earles, & Berger, 2015). We later presented participants with "mugshots" of various actors accompanied by questions about whether one of the pictured people had performed a particular action.…”