Adult Acne: Prevalence and Portrayal in Primary Healthcare Patients, in the Greater Porto Area, Portugal

Semedo, Diogo; Ladeiro, Filipa; Ruivo, Mariana; D'Oliveira, Carlos; Sousa, Filipe; Gayo, Mariana; Lima, Clara Cynthia Melo e; Magalhães, Frederico; Brandão, Rui; Branco, Maria dos Remédios Freitas Carvalho; Silva, Isabel Da; Batista, Joana; Amado, João; Massa, António Fernandes; Neves‐Amado, João

doi:10.20344/amp.6626

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Other studies have reported a range of acne prevalence from different countries, such as 3.9% in the German population aged between 16 and 70 years 9 and 61.5% in the Portugal population between the ages of 20 and 60 years old. 42 The differences in age range, ethnic background, regions and pollution might explain the difference in the incidence of acne. Skin is the outermost barrier and various air pollutants such as oxides, particulate matter, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the ozone can all affect the skin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of acne in Mainland China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chen

Liu

et al. 2017

BMJ Open

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IntroductionAcne, a very common skin disease, can result in psychological distress and sustain impairment in quality of life. Data on the prevalence of acne and the differences in gender, region and age are limited. The aim of this review is to estimate the prevalence of acne in Mainland China comprehensively and to quantify its association with gender, region and age.MethodsWe searched electronic databases with predetermined search terms to identify relevant studies published between 1 January 1996 and 30 September 2016. We pointed out repeated results using Note Express software and evaluated the studies for inclusion. Two independent reviewers extracted the data, followed with statistical analyses using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 2.0. A random effects model was adopted to calculate the overall pooled prevalence and to merge categories, including gender (males and females), region (Northern China and Southern China) and age (primary and secondary students: 7–17 years old; undergraduates: 18–23 years old; overall: no limits of age) for subgroup analyses. Logistic meta-regression analysis was used to clarify the associations between acne and the predictors age, gender and region using OR and their associated 95% CI.Results25 relevant studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence rates of acne were 39.2% (95% CI 0.310 to 0.479). The prevalence rates in different age groups were 10.2% overall (95% CI 0.059 to 0.171), 50.2% for primary and secondary students (95% CI 0.451 to 0.554), and 44.5% for undergraduates (95% CI 0.358 to 0.534); by gender, the prevalence rates were 35.7% for females (95% CI 0.275 to 0.448) and 39.7% for males (95% CI 0.317 to 0.482); and by region, the prevalence rates were 34.2% for Northern China (95% CI 0.242 to 0.458) and 46.3% for Southern China (95% CI 0.374 to 0.555). The associations between acne and the predictors age, gender and region were statistically significant.ConclusionsIn Mainland China, primary and secondary students exhibited higher prevalence rates than undergraduate students; males had higher prevalence rates of acne than females; and the prevalence rates of acne in Southern China was higher than Northern China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of acne in Mainland China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chen

Liu

et al. 2017

BMJ Open

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“…If relevant, we retrieved the full-text articles. We identified 25 full-text articles, but excluded the following 11 studies: duplicate [ 19 ] (there was a statement in the article by Grossi that it was the same cohort and results as [ 23 ]), beliefs/opinions about acne aggravating food items [ 32 , 33 ], semi-fat/whole milk vs. skim milk/no milk drinkers [ 34 ], Chinese ying-yang medicine [ 35 ], no control group [ 36 ], adult acne (mean age ≥ 30 years) [ 37 , 38 ], milk as part of a Mediterranean diet [ 39 ], milk only as a continuous variable in acne and non-acne groups [ 40 ], and poorly defined intake [ 41 ]. In total, we included 14 studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dairy Intake and Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 78,529 Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

et al. 2018

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A meta-analysis can help inform the debate about the epidemiological evidence on dairy intake and development of acne. A systematic literature search of PubMed from inception to 11 December 2017 was performed to estimate the association of dairy intake and acne in children, adolescents, and young adults in observational studies. We estimated the pooled random effects odds ratio (OR) (95% CI), heterogeneity (I2-statistics, Q-statistics), and publication bias. We included 14 studies (n = 78,529; 23,046 acne-cases/55,483 controls) aged 7–30 years. ORs for acne were 1.25 (95% CI: 1.15–1.36; p = 6.13 × 10−8) for any dairy, 1.22 (1.08–1.38; p = 1.62 × 10−3) for full-fat dairy, 1.28 (1.13–1.44; p = 8.23 × 10−5) for any milk, 1.22 (1.06–1.41; p = 6.66 × 10−3) for whole milk, 1.32 (1.16–1.52; p = 4.33 × 10−5) for low-fat/skim milk, 1.22 (1.00–1.50; p = 5.21 × 10−2) for cheese, and 1.36 (1.05–1.77; p = 2.21 × 10−2) for yogurt compared to no intake. ORs per frequency of any milk intake were 1.24 (0.95–1.62) by 2–6 glasses per week, 1.41 (1.05–1.90) by 1 glass per day, and 1.43 (1.09–1.88) by ≥2 glasses per day compared to intake less than weekly. Adjusted results were attenuated and compared unadjusted. There was publication bias (p = 4.71 × 10−3), and heterogeneity in the meta-analyses were explained by dairy and study characteristics. In conclusion, any dairy, such as milk, yogurt, and cheese, was associated with an increased OR for acne in individuals aged 7–30 years. However, results should be interpreted with caution due to heterogeneity and bias across studies.

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“…Finally, four cohort studies, 7-9,22 5 case-control, [10][11][12][13]23 and four cross-sectional studies [24][25][26][27] were included into our meta-analysis. The remaining 181 articles were screened for titles and abstracts and 26 articles were considered of interest and full texts were assessed for further evaluation.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%