Adubação da cana-de-açúcar: XV - experimentos com micronutrientes nas regiões canavieiras do estado de São Paulo

Abstract

São apresentados os resultados de 23 experimentos em regiões canavieiras paulistas, para avaliar possíveis respostas da cana-de-açúcar a micronutrientes. Fizeram-se aplicações isoladas de sulfato ferroso, tetraborato de sódio, sulfato de cobre, sulfato de zinco, sulfato de manganês e molibdato de amônio, nos sulcos de plantio e na presença de adubação NPK Em apenas um dos experimentos verificou-se efeito significativamente favorável à aplicação de micronutrientes, no caso, cobre e molibdênio. Com base nos resultados obtidos, corroborados por análises foliares em trabalho paralelo e conduzido à mesma época, concluiu-se que, nas condições do ensaio, deficiências de micronutrientes não constituem problema para a lavoura canavieira no Estado de São Paulo.

Sugarcane Response to Boron and Zinc in Southeastern Brazil

“…Andrade et al (1995), in an experiment with fritted trace elements-FTE (ground silicate oxides) and soluble sources of B (borax), Cu (copper sulfate) and Zn (zinc sulfate) application, verified that both joint application (FTE) as well as isolated micronutrients application did not result in increases in TSS. Older studies also did not show increases in TSS yield due to the Zn fertilization (Alvarez and Wutke 1963;Alvarez et al 1979). However, Mellis et al (2009), evaluating the micronutrients application in sugarcane in eight locations in Brazil, observed, in four sites, an average increase of 29% in TSS yield of the plant cane with the application of 3 kg ha -1 of Zn in the planting furrow.…”

“…Espironelo et al (1976), carrying out a study involving B application in sugarcane on soil with low content of the nutrient, verified that the highest dose (8.8 kg ha -1 of B) led to toxicity in the crop and reducing the TSS yield, as well as absence of any residual effect in the first ratoon. However, most studies in the literature report the absence of yield response due to B fertilization in plant cane (Alvarez et al 1979;Azeredo and Bolsanello 1981;Mellis et al 2009). Franco et al (2009), evaluating the boric acid utilization in plant cane through the 10 B tracer, observed that fertilizer-B recovery was around 2% by the crop, indicating low fertilizer efficiency at the dose used (4 kg ha -1 of B), which may be related to losses by leaching, as emphasized in the study performed by Rosolem and Bíscaro (2007).…”

“…In relation to studies with Zn in sugarcane, a heterogeneity of results is observed, with positive yield responses to this micronutrient application (Cambria et al 1989;Wang et al 2005), specially in coastal tablelands soils in the Brazilian Northeast, where Zn deficiency symptoms are frequently observed (Marinho and Albuquerque 1981). Also, the absence of effects on TSS (tons of sugarcane stalks per hectare) yield and industrial quality by Zn addition has been observed (Alvarez et al 1979;Costa Filho and Prado 2008;Farias et al 2009). …”

“…Studies developed under Brazilian conditions indicate absence of crop response to B application (Alvarez et al 1979;Azeredo and Bolsanello 1981;Andrade et al 1995), as well as occurrence of phytotoxicity (Espironelo et al 1976). In relation to studies with Zn in sugarcane, a heterogeneity of results is observed, with positive yield responses to this micronutrient application (Cambria et al 1989;Wang et al 2005), specially in coastal tablelands soils in the Brazilian Northeast, where Zn deficiency symptoms are frequently observed (Marinho and Albuquerque 1981).…”

Fertilization with filter cake and micronutrients in plant cane

“…Due to the absence of yield response to the other micronutrients, these were not included in the official fertilization recommendations. However, most of the studies were carried out in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (Spironello, 1972;IAA/Planalsucar, 1976;Alvarez et al, 1979;Azeredo & Bolsanello, 1981) with older cultivars with lower production potential.…”