Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Dye Using Biodegradable Superabsorbent Hydrogel Polymer Composite Incorporated with Activated Charcoal

Abstract

Hydrogels have attracted great attention as good adsorbents due to their extraordinary water retention capacity, unique hydrophilic nature, biocompatibility, and abundance in availability. In this work, a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) hydrogel and its composite were synthesized, with the introduction of activated charcoal (SAP-AC) for deep removal of the ecotoxic organic dye methylene blue (MB). The formation of the hydrogel was confirmed by FTIR analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the appearance of a porous microstructure due to the incorporation of AC. A continuous upflow column was set up, and the adsorption parameters were optimized using an experimental Doehlert uniform array design. The residual concentration of MB was analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 665 nm (λmax). The experimental data were also discussed in terms of adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm models. Accordingly, MB adsorption followed pseudo second-order kinetics and better fits the Freundlich isotherm, suggesting a chemisorption mechanism and a multilayer MB adsorption system. The maximum adsorption capacity was 202.84 mg g−1 (96.96%) using the SAP and 213.2 mg g−1 (99.48%) using the SAP-AC. The present study proved that the synthesized composite hydrogel has good activity and selectivity for deep removal of the MB dye and can be effectively used in wastewater treatment.

Eco‐Friendly and Self‐Sanitizing Microporous Cellulose Sponge (MCS)‐Based Cooling Media for Mitigating Microbial Cross‐Contamination in the Food Cold Chain

“…[ 41 ] Anionic MCS achieved significant MB adsorption within a 2 h immersion, reaching an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 110.36 ± 9.63 mg g −1 , attributed to the formation of ionic complexes between MB and the COO − groups in the superadsorbent network. [ 42 , 43 ] Overall, the robust adsorption of photosensitizer molecules is anticipated to be critical for the light‐activated self‐sanitizing function of MCS.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Gamma Radiation Induced Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride-Acrylic Acid-(3-Acrylamidopropyl) Trimethylammonium Chloride Superabsorbent Hydrogel

“…SHs are recently getting concerned with sanitary and hygiene applications studied by Peenal et al [13]. Syed Sikandar Shah et al reported that the SHs can also be incorporated with activated charcoal for selective adsorption of methylene blue dye which shows an excellent result [14]. In our previous work, we prepared APTAC-AAc hydrogel whose maximum equilibrium swelling was found to be 246 g/g of gel [15].…”

Gamma Radiation-Induced Advanced 2,3-Dimethylacrylic Acid-(2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic Acid) Superabsorbent Hydrogel: Synthesis and Characterization

“…Due to the extensive area of application, hydrogels are getting concern worldwide. A few of the SHs are very effective in selective metal adsorption [5], drug delivery [6], dye adsorption [7], wound dressing [8], and biomedical applications [9]. The essential properties of hydrogels are swelling, mechanical strength, and re-usability, which can be enriched through grafting/cross-linking between different monomers/polymers [10,11].…”