Adsorptive removal of hazardous anionic dye “Congo red” from wastewater using waste materials and recovery by desorption

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThe present investigation assesses the applicability of waste materials-bottom ash and deoiled soya-for the removal of the colorant Congo red from wastewaters. The adsorption characteristics and dye removal efficiency of adsorbents have been determined by investigating factors such as effect of pH, effect of concentration of the dye, amount of adsorbents, contact time, and temperature. Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models have been used to evaluate the ongoing adsorption. With the help of adsorption isotherm data different thermodynamic parameters such as free energy; enthalpy, and entropy have been calculated. The estimated free energy has been obtained as À21.52 kJ mol À1 for bottom ash and À16.88 kJ mol À1 for deoiled soya. On the basis of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations different kinetic parameters have been obtained. Column operations depicted good adsorptive tendencies for Congo red with 96.95% and 97.14% saturation of dye on bottom ash and deoiled soya, respectively. Regeneration of the saturated columns has been made by eluting NaOH solution and more than 90% dye has been recovered in both cases.

Site-specific functionalization for chemical speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) using polyaniline impregnated nanocellulose composite: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic modeling

“…In the present study, the calculated R L values are 0 \ R L \ 1, signifying that sorption process is feasible (Mittal et al 2009b;Gupta et al 2011a;Karthikeyan et al 2012).…”

Sustainable conversion of agro-wastes into useful adsorbents

“…A number of agricultural waste materials have being studied for the removal of different pollutants from aqueous solutions at different operating conditions. They include: cassava peel , sugar beet pulp (Aksu and İşoglu 2005), Nipha Palm (Wankasi et al 2006), rice bran (Suzuki et al 2007), coconut husk Tan et al, 2008), periwinkle shell (Bello et al 2008), orange peel (Ningchuan et al 2009), cocoa pod husk (Bello and Ahmad 2011), mango leaf (Khan et al 2011), coconut shell (Bello and Ahmad 2012), loquat leaves (Akl and Salem 2012), durian seed , TiO 2 /UV, , CNT/magnesium oxide composite , fertilizer waste, (Gupta et al 1998), waste material adsorbents (Mittal et al 2011), waste material adsorbents (Mittal et al 2009a), waste material adsorbents (Mittal et al 2009b), waste material adsorbents , tire derived carbons (Saleh and Gupta 2013), alumina-coated carbon nanotubes (Gupta et al 2011), industrial wastes (Jain et al 2003), Waste materials, , Multi-walled carbon nanotubes-ionic liquid-carbon paste electrode (Khani et al 2010), mesoporous activated carbon (Karthikeyan et al 2012).…”

Use of cellulose acetate–tin (lV) phosphate composite (CA/TPC) in highly effective removal and recovery of heavy metal ions

“…Therefore, it is necessary to remove heavy metals from the wastewaters before they are discharged into the natural water system. Various materials, such as (MnO 2 /CNT) nanocomposite, fertilizer waste activated carbon, waste materials, MWCNT/TiO 2 composite, alumina-coated CNT, orange peel/Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticle composite and agriculture waste, have been used to remove hazardous wastes from water [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Several other techniques have also been developed for the treatment of undesired waste containing heavy metals and dyes [3,17,18].…”