Adsorptive Removal of Fluoride by Carbon Nanomaterials

Fluoride contamination, consequences and removal techniques in water: a review

“…212 Specifically, the quantity of fluoride adsorbed on the adsorbent surface per unit mass of the adsorbent reflects the water purification extent from fluoride contamination. 213 The various types of adsorbents are shown in Table S3 †. The extent to which an absorbent is efficient in removing fluoride depends on factors such as the initial concentration of fluoride, the type of adsorbent used, pH of the water, the existence of interfering ions, and the time of contact.…”