Adsorption performance of fixed-bed column for the removal of Fe (II) in groundwater using activated carbon made from palm kernel shells

Sylvia, Novi; Hakim, Lukman; Fardian, Nur; Yunardi,

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/334/1/012030

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For instance, the high-ash content could render the bioadsorbent less polar and give rise to its higher affinity to non-polar adsorbates compared with the ordinary activated carbons [30]. Carbon content will be higher after physically activation [63]. Generally, the carbon content should increase with physical activation temperature, because there is an enrichment of elemental carbon, while the other elements, such as nitrogen, are largely removed with the off-gases during the physical activation [64].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of bioadsorbent from phosphoric acid pretreated palm kernel shell and coconut shell by two-stage continuous physical activation via N ₂ and air

et al. 2018

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In the present study, agricultural biomass—palm kernel shell (PKS) and coconut shell (CS)—was used to produce high porosity bioadsorbent using two-stage continuous physical activation method with different gas carrier (air and N2) in each stage. The activation temperature was set constant at 600, 700, 800 or 900°C for both activation stages with the heating rate of 3°C min−1. Two parameters, the gas carrier and activation temperature, were determined as the significant factors on the adsorption properties of bioadsorbent. BET, SEM, FTIR, TGA, CHNS/O and ash content were used to elucidate the developed bioadsorbent prepared from PKS and CS and its capacity towards the adsorption of methylene blue and iodine. The novel process of two-stage continuous physical activation method was able to expose mesopores and micropores that were previously covered/clogged in nature, and simultaneously create new pores. The synthesized bioadsorbents showed that the surface area (PKS: 456.47 m2 g−1, CS: 479.17 m2 g−1), pore size (PKS: 0.63 nm, CS: 0.62 nm) and pore volume (PKS: 0.13 cm3 g−1, CS: 0.15 cm3 g−1) were significantly higher than that of non-treated bioadsorbent. The surface morphology of the raw materials and synthesized bioadsorbent were accessed by SEM. Furthermore, the novel process meets the recent industrial adsorbent requirements such as low activation temperature, high fixed carbon content, high yield, high adsorption properties and high surface area, which are the key factors for large-scale production of bioadsorbent and its usage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of bioadsorbent from phosphoric acid pretreated palm kernel shell and coconut shell by two-stage continuous physical activation via N ₂ and air

et al. 2018

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“…The contact times in the batch system are too brief to bring the column system to equilibrium, which is its main drawback. In contrast, the continuous system can adjust to the ongoing process and has low operating costs [6]. This study focused on the efficiency of an adsorption column employing kaolinite as an adsorbent for ferrous cation removal by a continuous operation based on previous research to examine adsorbent performance [7], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption isotherm and kinetic study of Bengkulu Kaolinite in removing ferrous cation by continuous operation

Ratnaningsih,

Shabrina,

Prayogo

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Iron is a chemical element that is found in groundwater that can be suspended in the form of ferrous cations. Iron presence that exceeds the threshold can cause detrimental effects such as piping corrosion, bad smells, and health problems. According to observations, groundwater in Sukarame, Bandar Lampung, has smells and colors that indicate iron metal contamination. Hence, it is necessary to research reducing the iron content. The method used in this research is the adsorption method using kaolin adsorbent that has been activated by physical activation at 700°C. The adsorption was conducted continuously with various reactor heights of 20 cm, 15 cm, and 10 cm. The results showed that the most significant reduction in efficiency was found in the adsorption using reactors with a height of 20 cm by 92%. The adsorption phenomenon using a reactor height of 20 cm followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9255) with an adsorption capacity of 17.03 mg/g. The kinetic data correlated well with the pseudo-second-order equation (R2 = 0.9313). It can be concluded that kaolin adsorbent can reduce iron levels, in which the adsorption using reactors with a height of 20 cm is the most effective.

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“…Fixed bed column adsorption also has many advantages due to its ease of use and high removal efficiency. In addition, it can be easily scaled up to laboratory or industrial scale (Sylvia et al, 2018;Vasques et al, 2009). Continuous mode adsorption is generally characterized by the so-called breakthrough curves, representation of the effluent concentration at the column outlet as a function of the time profile in a fixed bed column (Patel, 2019; Puthiya Veetil Nidheesh, Rajan Gandhimathi, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Fixed Bed Adsorption Column and Modelling of Operating Parameters for the Removal of Methylene Blue in Dynamic Mode

Ba¹,

Touré²,

Diop³

et al. 2023

tajas

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This study investigates the potential of using the mixture of titaniferous sand and attapulgite as adsorbents in a fixed bed adsorption process to remove a synthetic dye such as methylene blue in aqueous media. The different adsorbents were characterised by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The different physico-chemical parameters such as pH, zero charge potential, bulk and absolute density, porosity and specific surface area were determined. The sizing algorithm used resulted in a number of transfer units (NUT) equal to 20.109, a height of transfer unit (HUT) equal to 0.515, a material transfer coefficient (Kya) equal to 3.159 and a height of the column (Z) equal to 1.05m. The influence of different experimental parameters such as initial dye concentration, adsorbent bed height and feed rate on the breakthrough curve was investigated. Various simple mathematical models such as Adams-Bohart and Thomas were applied in order to study the dynamic behaviour of the column and to estimate some kinetic coefficients through the experimental data obtained from the dynamic studies performed on the fixed bed. The results showed that the Thomas and Adams-Bohart models perfectly describe the behaviour of the breakthrough curves with values of coefficients of determination R2 that are higher than 0.90 except for the concentration of the dye equal to 50mg/L which has a coefficient R2 equal to 0.88.

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Adsorption performance of fixed-bed column for the removal of Fe (II) in groundwater using activated carbon made from palm kernel shells

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Production of bioadsorbent from phosphoric acid pretreated palm kernel shell and coconut shell by two-stage continuous physical activation via N ₂ and air

Production of bioadsorbent from phosphoric acid pretreated palm kernel shell and coconut shell by two-stage continuous physical activation via N ₂ and air

Adsorption isotherm and kinetic study of Bengkulu Kaolinite in removing ferrous cation by continuous operation

Design of a Fixed Bed Adsorption Column and Modelling of Operating Parameters for the Removal of Methylene Blue in Dynamic Mode

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Adsorption performance of fixed-bed column for the removal of Fe (II) in groundwater using activated carbon made from palm kernel shells

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Production of bioadsorbent from phosphoric acid pretreated palm kernel shell and coconut shell by two-stage continuous physical activation via N 2 and air

Production of bioadsorbent from phosphoric acid pretreated palm kernel shell and coconut shell by two-stage continuous physical activation via N 2 and air

Adsorption isotherm and kinetic study of Bengkulu Kaolinite in removing ferrous cation by continuous operation

Design of a Fixed Bed Adsorption Column and Modelling of Operating Parameters for the Removal of Methylene Blue in Dynamic Mode

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Production of bioadsorbent from phosphoric acid pretreated palm kernel shell and coconut shell by two-stage continuous physical activation via N ₂ and air

Production of bioadsorbent from phosphoric acid pretreated palm kernel shell and coconut shell by two-stage continuous physical activation via N ₂ and air