Adsorption of sodium lignosulfonates on hematite

Nanthakumar, B.; Arinaitwe, Esau; Pawlik, Marek

doi:10.1007/s10450-010-9237-y

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…For the ILs [Chol][OAc], [P 4441 ][MeSO 4 ] and [BMPyr][N(CN) 2 ] a lignosulfonate solubility of respectively 330, 600 and 560 g kg ‐1 was measured. Note that these ILs are able to dissolve more lignosulfonate than Kraft lignin, which probably could be explained by the ionic character of lignosulfonate in contrast with Kraft lignin . According to the HSAB (Hard Soft Lewis Acid Base) principle, the soft ‘lignosulfonate’ should have a high affinity for the soft cation of the IL (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin solubility in non‐imidazolium ionic liquids

Glas

Doorslaer

Depuydt

et al. 2014

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Until now ionic liquid research concerning lignin dissolution and processing has mainly focused on the imidazolium type ionic liquids. Other types of ionic liquids can extend the scope of such processes due to their better thermal, base and oxidation stability. RESULTS A series of ammonium, phosphonium and pyrrolidinium based ionic liquids was screened for lignin dissolution. Tributylmethylphosphonium methyl sulfate and N‐butyl‐N‐methylpyrrolidinium dicyanamide displayed the highest Kraft lignin dissolution at 90 °C, with 460 and 390 g kg‐1, respectively. The latter ionic liquid combines this high solubility with a rather low viscosity, resulting in a promising medium for processing lignin and for other potential applications in wood separation technology. Owing to the ionic character of lignosulfonate, its solubility was even higher. The molecular structures of both recovered lignin and ionic liquid were not changed after lignin dissolution, as proven with FT‐IR, Curie‐point pyrolysis‐GC/MS and NMR. The ionic liquid could be recycled without loss in lignin dissolving ability. CONCLUSION Ammonium, phosphonium, and pyrrolidinium based ionic liquids proved suitable for lignin dissolution, if combined with the right counterion. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin solubility in non‐imidazolium ionic liquids

Glas

Doorslaer

Depuydt

et al. 2014

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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show abstract

“…Characterizing the solution behavior or surface-adsorption frequently involves post-experimental quantification of the remaining lignosulfonate. For example, several researchers determined adsorption isotherms by contacting a lignosulfonate solution with a solid phase, separating the phases, and using UV-spectrometry to quantify the lignosulfonate concentration in the effluent or supernatant [77][78][79][80][81]. A similar separation-based procedure was also applied to quantify the amount of precipitated lignosulfonate due to salting out [9].…”

Section: Analytical Techniques For Lignosulfonate Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of the Physicochemical Properties of Lignosulfonates: Chemical Structure and Behavior in Aqueous Solution, at Surfaces and Interfaces

Ruwoldt¹

2020

Surfaces

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Lignosulfonates are bio-based surfactants and specialty chemicals, which are generated by breaking the near-infinite lignin network during sulfite pulping of wood. Due to their amphiphilic nature, lignosulfonates are used in manifold applications such as plasticizer, dispersant, and stabilizer formulations. Function and performance are determined by their behavior in aqueous solution and at surfaces and interfaces, which is in turn imposed by the chemical make-up. This review hence summarizes the efforts made into delineating the physicochemical properties of lignosulfonates, while also relating to their composition and structure. Lignosulfonates are randomly branched polyelectrolytes with abundant sulfonate and carboxylic acid groups to ensure water-solubility. In aqueous solution, their conformation, colloidal state, and adsorption at surfaces or interfaces can be affected by a range of parameters, such as pH, concentration of other electrolytes, temperature, and the presence of organic solvents. These parameters may also affect the adsorption behavior, which reportedly follows Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second-order kinetics. The relative hydrophobicity, as determined by hydrophobic interaction chromatography, is an indicator that can help to relate composition and behavior of lignosulfonates. More hydrophobic materials have been found to exhibit a lower charge density. This may improve dispersion stabilization, but it can also be disadvantageous if an electrokinetic charge needs to be introduced at solid surfaces or if precipitation due to salting out is an issue. In addition, the monolignol composition, molecular weight distribution, and chemical modification may affect the physicochemical behavior of lignosulfonates. In conclusion, the properties of lignosulfonates can be tailored by controlling aspects such as the production parameters, fractionation, and by subsequent modification. Recent developments have spawned a magnitude of products and technologies, which is also reflected in the wide variety of possible application areas.

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“…Coulomb forces are then acting between the interfaces of different oil droplets, yielding electrostatic repulsion. This mechanism has been described for stabilization of both particles and emulsions with lignosulfonates [38,46,109]. Related phenomena are frequently studied by measuring the electrophoretic mobility of the dispersed particles or droplets, i.e., the zeta potential [38,70].…”

Section: Electrostatic Repulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsion Stabilization with Lignosulfonates

Ruwoldt¹

2023

Lignin - Chemistry, Structure, and Application

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Lignosulfonates are biobased surfactants and specialty chemicals. Due to their amphiphilic nature, they can be utilized in many technical applications, such as plasticizers, dispersants, stabilizers, and agrochemical formulations. Here, their ability to stabilize emulsions plays an important role. This chapter hence explains the fundamentals of emulsion stabilization with lignosulfonates. First, basic concepts are introduced along with the production and chemical make-up of lignosulfonates. Second, the interfacial activity is discussed. Parameters that affect interfacial activity and emulsion stabilization efficiency of lignosulfonates are furthermore treated. Such parameters may include salinity, pH, the presence of cosolvents and cosurfactants. Third, the underlying mechanisms of emulsion stabilization are outlined. The goal of this chapter is to introduce the reader to important fundamentals, and to draw the link between basic research and industrial practice.

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Adsorption of sodium lignosulfonates on hematite

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Lignin solubility in non‐imidazolium ionic liquids

Lignin solubility in non‐imidazolium ionic liquids

A Critical Review of the Physicochemical Properties of Lignosulfonates: Chemical Structure and Behavior in Aqueous Solution, at Surfaces and Interfaces

Emulsion Stabilization with Lignosulfonates

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