Adsorption of ruthenium tetroxide on metal surfaces

Sakurai, Tsutomu; Hinatsu, Yukio; Takahashi, Akira; Fujisawa, Ginji

doi:10.1021/j100256a016

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Binding energies of Ru(3d 5/2 ) in Ru metal and RuO 2 are at 280.1 and 280.7 eV respectively. 27,28 Because RuO 2 is also metallic compound, the difference in Ru(3d 5/2 ) binding energy for Ru 0 in Ru metal and Ru 4+ state in RuO 2 is small. 29 Ru(3d 5/2 ) binding energy at 281.4 eV in Ce 0.95 Ru 0.05 O 2−δ is higher than the binding energy of Ru(3d 5/2 ) for Ru 4+ state in RuO 2 and lower than the binding energy of Ru(3d 5/2 ) for Ru 6+ state in at 282.5 eV in RuO 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ru4 + ion in CeO2 (Ce0.95Ru0.05O $_{\bf 2-\boldsymbol\delta})$ : A non-deactivating, non-platinum catalyst for water gas shift reaction

et al. 2011

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Hydrogen is a clean energy carrier and highest energy density fuel. Water gas shift (WGS) reaction is an important reaction to generate hydrogen from steam reforming of CO. A new WGS catalyst, Ce 1−x Ru x O 2−δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) was prepared by hydrothermal method using melamine as a complexing agent. The Catalyst does not require any pre-treatment. Among the several compositions prepared and tested, Ce 0.95 Ru 0.05 O 2−δ (5% Ru 4+ ion substituted in CeO 2) showed very high WGS activity in terms of high conversion rate (20.5 μmol.g −1 .s −1 at 275 • C) and low activation energy (12.1 kcal/mol). Over 99% conversion of CO to CO 2 by H 2 O is observed with 100% H 2 selectivity at ≥ 275 • C. In presence of externally fed CO 2 and H 2 also, complete conversion of CO to CO 2 was observed with 100% H 2 selectivity in the temperature range of 305-385 • C. Catalyst does not deactivate in long duration on/off WGS reaction cycle due to absence of surface carbon and carbonate formation and sintering of Ru. Due to highly acidic nature of Ru 4+ ion, surface carbonate formation is also inhibited. Sintering of noble metal (Ru) is avoided in this catalyst because Ru remains in Ru 4+ ionic state in the Ce 1−x Ru x O 2−δ catalyst.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ru4 + ion in CeO2 (Ce0.95Ru0.05O $_{\bf 2-\boldsymbol\delta})$ : A non-deactivating, non-platinum catalyst for water gas shift reaction

et al. 2011

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“…We have studied ruthenium deposition from Ru0 4 -bearing streams at temperatures above 150°C and in the presence of nitrogen oxides, and have characterized the deposits as crystalline RU0 2 [11]. Other workers [12,13] report evidence for the formation of other deposited species from Ru0 4 under different conditions at lower temperatures.…”

Section: Volatile Ruthenium Speciation and Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatilization of Ruthenium, Caesium and Technetium from Nitrate Systems in Nuclear Fuel Processing and Waste Solidification

Cains¹,

Yewer²,

Waring³

1992

Radiochimica Acta

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Ruthenium volatilization measurements have been carried out on nitric acid and nitrate preparations during solution evaporation and subsequent thermal nitrate decomposition (calcination). Substantial volatilization commences in the final stages of evaporation, and proceeds throughout nitrate decomposition. In the latter, the volatilization correlates with nitrate pyrolysis. RU0 4 is probably the primary volatile species produced in an oxidizing environment, but is rapidly decomposed either to solid Ru0 2 or to condensed phase Ru(NO) compounds in liquid condensates.Caesium and technetium volatilization measurements under calcination and vitrification conditions show that the presence of Tc has a marked synergistic effect on Cs volatilization. The mole ratios of the volatilized elements suggest volatilization as a common compound such as CsTc0 4 .

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“…Mun et al presented results that indicate that hydroxylized Ru(IV), RuO(OH) 2 , is formed when gaseous ruthenium tetroxide is deposited on stainless steel and painted substrates [7]. However, other researchers have reported deposition of RuO 3 [8] and even RuO 4 [9] on metal surfaces such as stainless steel, after staining of RuO 4 (g) on the surfaces. containment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%