Adsorption of polluting substances on activated carbons prepared from rice husk and sugarcane bagasse

Kalderis, Dimitrios; Koutoulakis, Dimitrios; Paraskeva, P.; Diamadopoulos, Evan; Salaverri, Emilia Otal; Valle, Joaquín Olivares del; Fernández‐Pereira, Constantino

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2008.01.007

Cited by 196 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Recently birch wood was successfully converted to carbonaceous material and the product showed high mercury removal efficiency from aqueous solution [8]. Activated carbons, prepared from rice husk and sugarcane bagasse, had good adsorption capacities with respect to arsenic, humic acid and phenol [9]. The promising results were obtained when carbonaceous material prepared from coconut shell was utilized as adsorbent for wastewater treatment [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Removal of lead from water using biochars prepared from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass

Liu

Zhang

2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

625

228

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a b s t r a c tHydrothermal conversion of biomass into biofuel could produce a special type of biochar as byproduct. This biochar is quite different from biochar derived from high temperature pyrolysis. In the present study, two biochars, prepared from hydrothermal liquefaction of pinewood (P300) and rice husk (R300), were characterized and investigated for lead removal from aqueous solution. The results indicated that the biochars contained a large amount of oxygen-containing groups on the surface, which were quite effective for lead removal with capacities of 4.25 and 2.40 mg/g for P300 and R300, respectively. The adsorption equilibrium was achieved around 5 h. Higher temperature favored the removal capacity implying that the adsorption was an endothermic process. The adsorption data at optimum solution pH 5 could be well described by Langmuir model and the adsorption process was well fitted by pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, it was found that the adsorption was mainly controlled by film diffusion. Thermodynamics analysis suggested that lead adsorption onto the biochars was physical endothermic process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Removal of lead from water using biochars prepared from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass

Liu

Zhang

2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

625

228

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“…[4][5][6][7] Entretanto, a maioria dos estudos investiga o processo de preparação do adsorvente através de pré-tratamentos ácidos, básicos ou com solventes orgânicos, seguidos de posterior ativação térmica visando o aumento de suas propriedades de área superficial e adsorção. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Porém, isso torna o processo bastante oneroso, dificultando a utilização do material e sua aplicação em grande escala.No Brasil, segundo a Conab (Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento), 19 em 2007 foram produzidos mais de 11 milhões de toneladas de arroz. Considerando que do total de arroz colhido 23% correspondem à casca e 4% correspondem à cinza, 20 conclui-se que aproximadamente 440.000 toneladas de cinza foram geradas no país até o final de 2007.…”

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Uso da cinza da casca do arroz (CCA) obtida da geração de energia térmica como adsorvente de Zn(II) em soluções aquosas

Chaves¹,

Queiroz²,

Nara³

et al. 2009

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 5/3/08; aceito em 26/1/09; publicado na web em 25/6/09 USE OF RICE HUSK ASH (RHA) OBTAINED FROM THERMAL ENERGY GENERATION AS Zn (II) ADSORBENT IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. The removal study was conducted using 1.00 g of the rice husk ash (RHA) and 20.0 mL solution with concentrations in the range of 10-1000 mg/L of Zn(II). The influence of contact time, initial metal concentration, agitation and pH of the removal process was investigated. Superior removals to 95% were obtained at the end of 24 h of contact. The agitation increased in 20% the removal of Zn(II), being needed only 5 min to reach the equilibrium. The adsorption process was studied by the models of isotherms of Langmuir, Freundlich and BET, obtaining results of R L and 1/n for a process favorable of adsorption. BET isotherm best represents the equilibrium adsorption. The results showed that the RHA has the largest capacity and affinity for the removal of Zn(II).Keywords: rice husk ash; removal; Zn (II). INTRODUÇÃOSabe-se que a Terra possui uma capacidade finita tanto para a disponibilidade de recursos como para o descarte dos resíduos, fato que acentua a importância da minimização de perdas ambientais, bem como do uso mais eficiente de recursos e de energia para um desenvolvimento sustentável das nações. Assim, é evidente a necessidade de novas tecnologias para uma produção ambientalmente adequada. 1 Ao longo de décadas, a atividade industrial tem produzido rejeitos gasosos, líquidos e sólidos nocivos ao meio ambiente. Os processos industriais que utilizam grandes volumes de água contribuem significativamente com a contaminação dos corpos d'água, principalmente por metais, que têm seu impacto ambiental aumentado pela falta de tratamento dos efluentes. 2 As tecnologias tradicionais para o tratamento de água (coagulação, floculação, decantação, filtração e desinfecção) em geral não são totalmente eficientes na remoção de traços de metais solúveis em águas. O processo comumente aplicado à remoção de íons metálicos solúveis em água é a precipitação. A remoção dos metais se dá na forma de óxidos, hidróxidos, carbonatos ou sulfatos, decorrentes da adição de coagulantes e/ou álcalis. Esta técnica produz grandes quantidades de lodo após a decantação. A precipitação de metais pesados na forma de colóides ou de gel amorfo e sua ocorrência na forma de ânions, bem como a presença de substâncias complexantes em solução, dificultam o processo de precipitação. Para efetiva remoção dos metais pesados por precipitação, as condições de pH e temperatura devem ser rigidamente controladas. Frequentemente, após a filtração final, a concentração dos metais pesados na água ainda permanece na faixa de alguns miligramas por litro. 3 A adsorção é um processo de separação, tecnologia importante e muito usada na Química. Os carvões ativados são os adsorventes mais utilizados para esse fim, por apresentarem alta área superficial e porosidade desenvolvida. O custo dos carvões ativados comerciais é ainda um dos empecilhos do seu uso em larga escala industrial, o que tem conduz...

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“…For the last couple of decades, activated carbons as an adsorbent has been widely used for arsenic removal from water (Kalderis et al 2008;Mohan and Pittman 2007;Mondal et al 2008) as it possesses significant surface area with micro/mesopore structure along with extensive adsorption capacity. Commercial activated carbons are expensive and it is the main drawback of using this adsorbent in all the application sectors (Roy et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosorptive uptake of arsenic(V) by steam activated carbon from mung bean husk: equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics and modeling

2017

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The present investigation emphasizes on the biosorptive removal of toxic pentavalent arsenic from water using steam activated carbon prepared from mung bean husk (SAC-MBH). Characterization of the synthesized sorbent was done using different instrumental techniques, i.e., SEM, BET and point of zero charge. Sorptive uptake of As(V) over steam activated MBH as a function of pH (3-9), agitation speed (40-200 rpm), dosage (50-1000 mg) and temperature (298-313 K) was studied by batch process at arsenic concentration of 2 mg L -1 . Lower pH increases the arsenic removal over the pH range of 3-9. Among three adsorption isotherm models examined, Langmuir model was observed to show superior results over Freundlich model. The mean sorption energy (E) estimated by Dubinin-Radushkevich model suggested that the process of adsorption was chemisorption. Thermodynamic parameters confer that the sorption process was spontaneous, exothermic and feasible in nature. The pseudo-second-order rate kinetics of arsenic gave better correlation coefficients as compared to pseudo-first-order kinetics equation. Three process parameters, viz. adsorbent dosage, agitation speed and pH were opted for optimizing As(V) elimination using central composite design matrix of response surface methodology (RSM). The identical design setup was used for artificial neural network (ANN) for comparing its prediction capability with RSM towards As(V) removal. Maximum arsenic removal was observed to be 98.75% at sorbent dosage 0.75 gm L -1 , pH 3.0, agitation speed 160 rpm and temperature 308 K. The study concluded that SAC-MBH could be a competent adsorbent for As(V) removal and ANN model was better in arsenic removal predictability results than RSM model.

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Adsorption of polluting substances on activated carbons prepared from rice husk and sugarcane bagasse

Cited by 196 publications

References 60 publications

Removal of lead from water using biochars prepared from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass

Removal of lead from water using biochars prepared from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass

Uso da cinza da casca do arroz (CCA) obtida da geração de energia térmica como adsorvente de Zn(II) em soluções aquosas

Biosorptive uptake of arsenic(V) by steam activated carbon from mung bean husk: equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics and modeling

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