Adsorption of Phenol on Different Activated Carbons Prepared from Date Pits

Al‐Rub, Fahmi A. Abu; Hamdi, Julie; Hamdi, Naser; Allaboun, Hussein; Zarooni, Mohamed Al; Al-Sharyani, Moza S.

doi:10.1080/01496395.2010.492558

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For pH < pH ZPC , a significantly high electrostatic attraction [40][41][42] exists between the positively charged surface of the adsorbent and the phenolate ion (C 6 H 5 O − ion). Phenol, being a weak acid, is adsorbed to a lesser extent at higher pH values as the negatively charged surface of the adsorbent does not favor the adsorption of C 6 H 5 O − ion due to electrostatic repulsion [43][44][45][46]. This was also observed in Fig.…”

Section: Interaction Effects Of Process Variablessupporting

confidence: 60%

Adsorption of phenol onto garlic peel: optimization, kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies

Muthamilselvi

Karthikeyan²,

Kumar

2014

Desalination and Water Treatment

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In the present study, optimization of phenol adsorption onto garlic peel (GP) was conducted with process parameters such as initial pH, adsorbent dosage, agitation speed, and contact time. The percentage removal of phenol was optimized based on these process parameters. Response surface methodology was used for optimization as it has many advantages over classical optimization methods. A Box-Behnken experimental design was employed. The optimum conditions for maximum removal of phenol from an aqueous solution of 50 mg L −1 were found as follows: pH: 2, adsorbent dosage: 2.1 g L −1 , contact time: 7 h, and agitation speed: 135 rpm. At these optimized conditions, batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study the effects of initial concentration and temperature on phenol removal. Thermodynamic parameters such as DG ; DH and DS were also evaluated. From the results, the sorption process was found to be spontaneous and exothermic. The equilibrium experimental data were analyzed with several isotherm models. The adsorption kinetics for phenol removal by GP follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results from the study demonstrated that more than 80% phenol removal is possible at the above-mentioned optimum conditions.

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Section: Interaction Effects Of Process Variablessupporting

confidence: 60%

Adsorption of phenol onto garlic peel: optimization, kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies

Muthamilselvi

Karthikeyan²,

Kumar

2014

Desalination and Water Treatment

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“…This rapid biosorption can be attributed to the fact that during the first 30 min a large number of vacant sites are available for biosorption, resulting in rapid increase in the uptake. After 30 min, the remaining vacant sites are sterically and electrostatically hindered due to the repulsive forces between the solute molecules on the solid and bulk phases; thus uptake increases more slowly …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above parameters, i.e. q e and k 2 , were determined by the composite fractional error function (CFEF), defined by the following equation:

CFEF = min {true \sum_{i = 1}^{P} ([], \frac{{(q_{e, \exp} - q_{e, cal})}^{2}}{q_{normale, \exp}})}_{i}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where k id (mg g –1 min –1/2 ) is the intraparticle diffusion rate constant and C (mg g –1 ) is a constant that is related to the thickness of the boundary layer, i.e. the larger the value of C the greater the boundary layer effect . According to this equation, if the sorption process involves particle diffusion, then Eqn should reveal a linear relationship.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmentally friendly copolymeric beads of Chlorella vulgaris and poly(methacrylamide) grafted aliginic acid di‐block copolymers for biosorption of zinc ions

Fares

Al‐Rub

Kandah

et al. 2012

Polymer International

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The synthesis of biodegradable environmentally friendly copolymeric beads for water treatment biosorption processes is demonstrated. The synthesized poly(methacrylamide) grafted aliginic acid copolymers were characterized using 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, TGA and SEM. The di‐block copolymers showed a morphological change from two‐dimensional layer‐by‐layer structures to three‐dimensional well‐compacted wrinkles as grafting efficiency increased. The copolymeric beads were formed from the di‐block copolymer and algae crosslinked with 5% calcium ions (w/w). These copolymeric beads were then subjected to biosorption investigations for zinc ions as a model heavy metal ion at different pH values and stirring time periods. Batch adsorption experiments showed that the copolymeric beads were effective in zinc ion removal from aqueous solutions with maximum uptake exceeding 89.0 mg g–1 using higher grafting efficiency copolymeric beads at pH 5.5. Equilibrium pH studies revealed that zinc biosorption was pH dependent and maximum uptake was obtained at pH 5.5. Dynamics studies showed that the biosorption of zinc was rapid with equilibrium attained within 40 min and the data followed pseudo‐second‐order kinetics. The equilibrium biosorption of zinc ions on the copolymeric beads exhibited a Freundlich isotherm fit. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Moreover, the porous structure of activated carbon consists of a network of interconnected macropores, mesopores, and micropores that provide a good capacity for the adsorption of organic molecules. Thus, it is expected that various mechanisms and forces, such as ion exchange, covalent bonding, van der Waals forces, H-binding, dipole-dipole interactions, and cation- and water-bridging, can be responsible for adsorption of organic compounds in activated carbon [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Despite its many advantages, though, the production and regeneration of activated carbon is very expensive, with higher grades commanding even higher costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of 4-Chlorophenol from Contaminated Water Using Activated Carbon from Dried Date Pits: Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Analyses

Allaboun

Al‐Rub

2016

Materials

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Five different activated carbons (ACs) have been prepared from dried date pits using air and phosphoric acid as activating agents. The used phosphoric acid:date pit ratio dictated the characteristics of the prepared ACs; the equivalent BET-nitrogen surface area varied from 794 m2/g for a ratio of 5:1, to 1707 m2/g for a ratio of 2:1, whereas the micropore volume changed in value from 0.24 cm3/g for the 5:1 ratio to 0.59 cm3/g for the 2:1 ratio. The prepared ACs were tested to remove 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) from aqueous solutions by means of batch adsorption process. The prepared 2:1 AC exhibited the highest uptake with a maximum of 525 mg/g. Equilibrium pH studies showed that 4-CP removal was pH dependent; the maximum uptake occurred at an equilibrium pH value of 5.5. Dynamic studies showed that 4-CP uptake on 2:1 AC is rapid, with 80% of the maximum uptake achieved during the first 40 min. Both surface adsorption and intraparticle diffusion were identified to be effective adsorption mechanisms. Kinetic studies indicated a pseudo second-order reaction. Results of equilibrium adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the 4-CP on 2:1 AC is best described by the Langmuir model. The thermodynamics parameters of the adsorption (ΔG0, ΔH0, and ΔS0) were determined by studying the adsorption equilibrium at different temperatures. The values of these parameters indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption phenomenon of 4-CP on the prepared ACs.

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Adsorption of Phenol on Different Activated Carbons Prepared from Date Pits

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Adsorption of phenol onto garlic peel: optimization, kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies

Adsorption of phenol onto garlic peel: optimization, kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies

Environmentally friendly copolymeric beads of Chlorella vulgaris and poly(methacrylamide) grafted aliginic acid di‐block copolymers for biosorption of zinc ions

Removal of 4-Chlorophenol from Contaminated Water Using Activated Carbon from Dried Date Pits: Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Analyses

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