Adsorption onto silica of native human IgG and its hydrophobized forms prepared by covalent attachment
of 11, 25, and 52 C8 alkyl chains was studied. All hydrophobized IgGs spontaneously form micellelike
aggregates (nanoclusters) in aqueous solutions with a mean diameter of 40 ± 2 nm. Adsorption isotherms
are of a high affinity type. The plateau surface concentration of the isotherms depends on the degree of
the protein modification, increasing for 11C8−IgG and 25C8−IgG and decreasing for 52C8−IgG as compared
with the native protein. The isothermal enthalpies of adsorption for the native and modified IgGs at all
degrees of silica surface coverage were found to be endothermic, that is, the adsorption process is entropically
driven. For the native IgG, the adsorption isotherm is apparently reversible, while the isotherms for the
modified forms display distinct hysteresis. The biological (immunological) activity of the desorbed molecules
was evaluated, and it was found that all forms of IgG which were desorbed from silica display reduced
ability to react with a specific antibody, goat antihuman IgG, compared to the corresponding forms before
adsorption. The immunoassay on desorbed IgGs indicated that hydrophobic modification of the molecule
reduced structural alterations observed on adsorption of the native IgG. The decrease in activity was much
less pronounced in the range of surface coverage close to the plateau values. Possible mechanisms of
adsorption of the hydrophobized forms of IgG are discussed.