Adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions by cellulose and nanofiber cellulose and its electrochemical regeneration

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThis study was conducted to evaluate the potential of the bleached bagasse, cellulose, and nanofiber cellulose to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The morphology of adsorbents surface and their functional groups were examined by using scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques, respectively. In a batch mode study at 25°C temperature, the effects of initial dye concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose, and solution pH on adsorption performance were investigated. The results showed that the percent of MB removal increases by increasing pH and also by increasing sorbent dosage and decreasing initial dye concentration. The adsorption kinetics and equilibrium data were in good agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich adsorption isotherm, respectively. The removal of MB was better and more effective with cellulose and cellulose nanofiber as compared with the bleached bagasse. The regeneration of cellulose and nanofiber cellulose loaded with MB was investigated using electrochemical method under different operating conditions. The results showed that the electrochemical process efficiency is more than 60% for regeneration adsorbents.

Synthesis and performance evaluation of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite as a highly efficient adsorbent in the removal of reactive red 198 from water

“…Azo dyes include acidic, alkaline, direct, and reactive dyes, which constitute a significant portion of the reactive dyes. These reactive dyes have one or more reactive groups which form covalent bonds with some functional groups (6)(7)(8).…”

“…Combined methods are usually used to treat these effluents (5,8). Numerous physical, chemical, and biological methods are used to decolorize textile effluents that differ in terms of efficiency, economic cost, and environmental effects (5,7). Biological methods are not very efficient for removal of these dyes but oxidation methods are often effective at low concentrations of organic compounds (4,5).…”

“…One of the characteristics of a good adsorbent is cost-effectiveness, high adsorption potential, and being environmentally friendly. For this reason, natural adsorbents were used (7,9). Polysaccharides and their derivatives such as chitosan have always been of interest to many researchers (10,11).…”

“…These reactive dyes have one or more reactive groups which form covalent bonds with some functional groups. [6][7][8] Removal of organic dyes from the effluents of textile and dyeing industries is very difficult because of their special chemical structure, and cannot be done with conventional methods of treatment of dye effluents due to inadequate removal efficiency. Combined methods are usually used to treat these effluents.…”

“…[5,8] Numerous physical, chemical, and biological methods are used to decolorize textile effluents that differ in terms of efficiency, economic cost, and environmental effects. [5,7] Biological methods are not very efficient for removal of these dyes but oxidation methods are often effective at low concentrations of organic compounds. [4,5] However, adsorption of dye molecules by an adsorbent is an effective and costeffective method.…”