Adsorption of ammonium and phosphates by biochar produced from oil palm shells: Effects of production conditions

Munar-Florez, David Arturo; Varón-Cardenas, Darlis Adriana; Ramirez-Contreras, Nidia Elizabeth; Núñez, Jesús Alberto García

doi:10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100119

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Similar adsorption capacities were obtained when using ecological adsorbents such as protonated biochar, the yield varying between 0.025 and 2.59 mg g −1 depending on the conditions of preparation, activation, metal content, and surface characteristics [40,41]. When using modified materials with high surface areas, the retention capacity of phosphate ions increases notably, as has been reported for carbonaceous sorbents (graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes) with adsorption between 7.42 and 45.95 mg g −1 (46-251 m 2 g −1 ), depending on surface charge, functional groups, pore characteristics, surface area, and the modification element [42][43][44].…”

Section: Phosphate Ion Adsorptionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The best efficiency of phosphate adsorption with the HCl-activated substrates is related to the higher generation of active sites, obtained with this acid in the protonation tests [3][4][5]39,40]. The progress of the protonation reaction is similar to the calcined substrates prepared from the course fraction and medium fractions.…”

Section: Phosphate Ion Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Phosphate Ion Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Adsorption of Phosphate and Nitrate Ions on Oxidic Substrates Prepared with a Variable-Charge Lithological Material

Prato

Millán²,

González

et al. 2022

Water

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This work evaluates phosphate and nitrate ion adsorption from aqueous solutions on calcined adsorbent substrates of variable charge, prepared from three granulometric fractions of an oxidic lithological material. The adsorbent material was chemically characterized, and N2 gas adsorption (BET), X-ray diffraction, and DTA techniques were applied. The experimental conditions included the protonation of the beds with HCl and H2SO4 and the study of adsorption isotherms and kinetics. The lithological material was moderately acidic (pH 5) with very little solubility (electrical conductivity 0.013 dS m−1) and a low cation exchange capacity (53.67 cmol (+) kg−1). The protonation reaction was more efficient with HCl averaging 0.745 mmol versus 0.306 mmol with H2SO4. Likewise, the HCl-treated bed showed a better adsorption of PO4−3 ions (3.296 mg/100 g bed) compared to the H2SO4-treated bed (2.579 mg/100 g bed). The isotherms showed great affinity of the PO4−3 ions with the oxide surface, and the data fit satisfactorily to the Freundlich model, suggesting a specific type of adsorption, confirmed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In contrast, the nitrate ions showed no affinity for the substrate (89.7 µg/100 g for the HCl-treated bed and 29.3 µg/100 g bed for the H2SO4-treated bed). Amphoteric iron and aluminum oxides of variable charges present in the lithological material studied allow for their use as adsorbent beds as an alternative technique to eliminate phosphates and other ions dissolved in natural water.

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Section: Phosphate Ion Adsorptionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Phosphate Ion Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Adsorption of Phosphate and Nitrate Ions on Oxidic Substrates Prepared with a Variable-Charge Lithological Material

Prato

Millán²,

González

et al. 2022

Water

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“…According to the XRF results (Table 1), palm oil empty fruit bunch has a high content of potassium, silicon, calcium, and magnesium oxides, which are common in plants with long reproductive periods. [19] The Lp sample, however, exhibited a lower amount of these compounds because treatment with H 2 SO 4 causes certain metal compounds to leach from the material. [20] Additionally, a considerable increase in sodium species was observed, indicating that there were remnants of the NaOH used to recover lignin.…”

Section: Chemistryselectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Palm Oil Waste for Activated Carbons Production and Its Application in Methylene Blue Removal

2022

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Aiming to add value to the ever-increasing amount of residues from the palm oil industry around the world, lignocellulosic waste from palm oil (Lp) was used in this study to prepare activated carbons (ACLp) by chemical activation using KOH at 700 °C developing an area up to 1683 m 2 g À 1 , this value was higher than that obtained for a sample of activated carbon prepared from commercial lignin (ACLc) of 588 m 2 g À 1 . The activated carbons were deeply characterized by different techniques as SEM, FTIR, TGA, and nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity of the obtained activated carbons for methylene blue (MB) was assessed. According to the results of the mathematical fits performed to the adsorption process, the adsorption isotherm showed a better fit to the Langmuir-Freundlich model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 188 and 51 mg g À 1 for ACLp and ACLc respectively. In addition, its adsorption kinetics was found to fit better to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Additionally, the ΔG 0 value was lower for ACLp (À 31 KJ mol À 1 ) than for ACLc (À 26 KJ mol À 1 ) showing that the interaction between the MB and ACLp is more favorable.

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“…However, removal efficiency of porous substrates may decrease after being used for a while [5,58]. In order to maintain adsorption capacity of these filter materials, refreshing materials by washing with water or acid has been suggested [59][60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of substrate types on nitrogen removal efficacy and growth of Canna indica L.

Jampeetong

Janyasupab

2022

App. Envi. Res.

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Constructed wetlands (CWs), a cost effective technology for wastewater treatment, consist of substrates and wetland plants, which should be selected carefully to gain highest treatment efficiency. However, studies on plant growth and responses to different types of substrates are very few. This study aims to assess the effects of substrate types on growth and root morphology of Canna indica L. and nitrogen (N) removal. Twenty-four similar sized approximately 1 month old C. indica plants were selected and grown on different substrates (gravel, pumice and biochar). All plants were supplied with a standard growth medium to which 14 mg L-1 NH4+, 14 mg L-1 NO3-, 3 mg L-1 PO43- were added and pH was adjusted to 6.5. The growth solution was renewed every week. The plants were grown under greenhouse conditions for 45 d. Results showed that growth of C. indica was not significantly different among treatments but differences on root morphology were found. Plants grown on pumice had the largest root diameters while plants grown on biochar had the longest roots. In the gravel-filled treatment, C. indica showed the lowest root diameter and root length but formed more internal air space in its roots. It indicates that types of substrate can affect O2 supply and root morphological adaptation. Moreover, the porous substrate bed systems were capable of eliminating more NH4+ than gravel bed systems, with the NH4+ removal rates of 5.6–6.3 mg L-1 d-1 compared to 4.7 mg L-1 d-1, respectively. The results show that porous substrates can act as plant supporting substrates and play important roles in N adsorption. Also, they can improve oxygen supply and stimulate root growth. Thus, application of porous substrates as filter media could help to increase pollutant removal efficacy of CWs.

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Adsorption of ammonium and phosphates by biochar produced from oil palm shells: Effects of production conditions

Cited by 31 publications

References 67 publications

Adsorption of Phosphate and Nitrate Ions on Oxidic Substrates Prepared with a Variable-Charge Lithological Material

Adsorption of Phosphate and Nitrate Ions on Oxidic Substrates Prepared with a Variable-Charge Lithological Material

Use of Palm Oil Waste for Activated Carbons Production and Its Application in Methylene Blue Removal

Effects of substrate types on nitrogen removal efficacy and growth of Canna indica L.

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