Adsorption of ammonia nitrogen in low temperature domestic wastewater by modification bentonite

Modeling and Optimizing of NH4+ Removal from Stormwater by Coal-Based Granular Activated Carbon Using RSM and ANN Coupled with GA

“…The calculated network error is c the output continuously until the network reaches the minimum error weights and biases. In order to obtain the minimum MSE of the training ne and-error method was used to produce the optimum neurons with lowest M MSE plot for different number of neurons (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) in the hidden layer for th NH4 + removal rate was depicted in Figure 9. It is observed that the lowest M with 8 neurons for the NH4 + removal rate.…”

“…Over the years, various techniques have been used to remove ammonia nitrogen from water, such as biological process [10], stripping [11], breakpoint chlorination [12], chemical precipitation [13], and adsorption [14]. As the most commonly used nitrogen removal technology, however, biological processes are critical to the environment.…”

“…Low temperature or high ammonia concentration may affect the activity of nitrobacteria and reduce the treatment efficiency [10]. Nitrifying bacteria activity is reduced below 15 • C, and life activities are inhibited below 5 • C [14]. Therefore, adsorption is considered to be a feasible method to remove ammonia nitrogen from water, since adsorption is a more direct, stable, and low-cost method for contaminants removal from water.…”

Thermal effects

“…An aluminum cross‐linking and tannin modified bentonite was used to absorb ammonia from low temperature domestic sewage (Cheng, Zhu, & Xing, 2019), and the modified bentonite presented a high efficiency for removal. The adsorption mechanism was electrostatic adherence, and the whole reaction was spontaneous and exothermic.…”

A three-dimensional electrochemical oxidation system with α-Fe2O3/PAC as the particle electrode for ammonium nitrogen wastewater treatment

“…Domestic sewage contains many pollutants, such as organic matter, phosphate, bacteria and ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 + -N). 1 Particularly, as a signicant nutrient, ammonium nitrogen can lead to eutrophication in polluted water when in excess. A high nutrient load gives rise to detrimental effects such as the rapid growth of harmful algae in contaminated water, reduced dissolved oxygen and declining water self-purication ability and can even compromise the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems.…”