“…For this purpose, well-defined model catalyst systems serve as a convenient platform to study NO 2 , H 2 O, and NO 2 +H 2 O layers at low temperatures. A majority of the previous surface science studies on model catalysts were performed on metallic surfaces such as Au(111), [5][6][7][8][9] polycrystalline Au, 10 polycrystalline Cu, 11 polycrystalline Ni, 12 W(110), 13 Pt(111), 14 Pt(100), 15 Sn/Pt(111), 16 Rh(111)-Rh/Pd(111), 17 Ag(111), [18][19][20][21][22][23] and Ag(110). 24 In contrast to the metallic systems, there exists only a limited number of surface science studies focusing on the interaction of adsorbed NO 2 + H 2 O layers on metal oxide surfaces in the literature.…”