Adsorption and Penetration of Enveloped Herpes Simplex Virus Particles Modified by Tunicamycin or 2-Deoxy-D-glucose

Abstract

SUMMARYTritium-labelled, purified herpes simplex virus (HSV) enveloped particles produced in the presence of tunicamycin (TM) or 2-deoxy-D-glucose (DG) adsorbed to GMK cells equally as well as standard virus. However, in the presence of TM or DG, there was a reduced transport of virus DNA to cell nuclei and an increased sensitivity of attached particles to proteinase K. The reduced infectivity of HSV produced in the presence of glycosylation inhibitors is therefore probably due to an impairment in the fusion of virus envelope with plasma membranes.

Removal of N-linked Carbohydrates Decreases the Infectivity of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

“…In accordance with our results, Svennerholm et al (1982) and Spivack et al (1982) showed that adsorption of virions modified by 2-deoxy-D-glucose and tunicamycin was apparently unchanged. The specific infectivity of these particles, however, was found to be greatly reduced.…”

“…Further experiments with tunicamycin-modified virions revealed an inhibition of the infectious process at a stage subsequent to adsorption, probably penetration (Svennerholm et al, 1982). This was also observed when 2-deoxy-n-glucose was used as a glycosylation inhibitor (Spivack et al, 1982).…”

“…The addition of N-linked oligosaccharide chains (which is blocked by tunicamycin) may be thus a prerequisite for incorporation or stability of glycoproteins in viral envelopes but not for formation of viral envelopes themselves. In context with the data of Svennerholm et al (1982) and Spivack et al (1982) these data would further indicate that the major glycoproteins are dispensable for virus attachment but not penetration. Although complete processing of glycoproteins is not necessary for viral infectivity, as shown by Johnson & Spear (1982), the presence of N-linked carbohydrates of either the complex or the high mannose type on HSV glycoproteins appears to be relevant for their function.…”

“…In contrast, glycosylation inhibition by 2-deoxy-D-glucose (Spivack et al, 1982) or tunicamycin (Svennerholm et al, 1982;Pizer et al, 1980;Katz et al, 1980;Kousoulas et al, 1983 b) led to a highly significant reduction in viral infectivity. This loss of infectivity, however, was found to be associated with an almost complete lack of glycoproteins in the envelopes of 0000-8374 © 1988 SGM j.E.…”

Comparative Study on O-linked Oligosaccharides of Glycoprotein D of Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2

“…An impairment in N-linked oligosaccharide processing of HSV glycoproteins results in defective egress of progeny virus (Johnson & Spear, 1983;Serafini-Cessi et al, 1983;Dall'Olio et al, 1986;Ghosh-Choudhury et al, 1987), in inhibition of virus-induced cell fusion (Campadelli-Fiume et al, 1982) and in abolition of the infectivity of HSV (Pizer et al, 1980;Svennerholm et al, 1982; see also . Whether an impairment in O-linked oligosaccharide assembly affects any function of HSV glycoproteins and, if it does, whether it affects the same or different functions as the impairment in N-linked chain assembly, is not known.…”