??-Adrenergic Receptor Blocking Drugs in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Autonomically Mediated Cardiovascular Functional Disorders and Fallot??s Tetralogy

Comparison of bisoprolol and diazepam in the treatment of cardiac neurosis

“…In agreement with previous experience with beta-blocking treatment of such a syndrome [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], bisoprolol showed a better effect with respect to diazepam in reducing somatic aspects, particularly the cardiovascular symptoms, such as tachycardia, palpitations, and atypical chest pain. Bisoprolol also demonstrated the ability to improve the psychic profile of anxiety, confirming the possibility that the control of autonomically mediated symptoms may favorably affect the mental state, as previously suggested by some authors [21,22].…”

“…In conclusion, bisoprolol was as effective as diazepam in the treatment of cardiac neurosis, but with a more pronounced effect on somatic symptoms related to the beta-adrenergic-mediated hyperdynamic state, which confirms previous observations with other beta blockers, both betal-selective and nonselective [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][28][29][30]. As a result of several reports in the literature, the presence of betal-selectivity, ISA, and lipophilicity do not appear to substantially affect the neuropsychiatric use of beta blockers [18,[28][29][30]41,42].…”

“…There is thus a strong rationale for the use of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs in the treatment of cardiac neurosis. Several studies have demonstrated that beta blockers are as effective as benzodiazepines or even more effective in improving cardiovascular symptoms [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. As these symptoms can represent an aggravating mechanism in the anxious state, beta blockers can interrupt such a vicious circle (cardiovascular symptoms ---) anxiety ---) cardiovascular symptoms), leading to an improvement in mental symptoms as well.…”