Adrenal steroid biosynthesis by different species of mouselike rodents

Ogunsua, A.O.; Nicola, Alejandro F. De; Traikov, H.; Birmingham, Marion K.; Levine, Seymour

doi:10.1016/0016-6480(71)90031-1

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Comparative studies reveal that most small mammals have detectable circulating levels of both cortisol and corticosterone, although marked species variation in the relative proportions of these steroids has been reported (Pushpa, 1969; Sandor, 1969). While corticosterone predominates in short-living rats and mice, cortisol is the principal glucocorticoid in most larger mammals, as well as in bats and non-Muroid rodents (Ogunsua et al, 1969). Comparative endocrinologists have been unable to detect any evolutionary, ecological or functional significance in interspecies variation in adrenocortical secretions.…”

Section: Hormone Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparative species information was taken from de Magalhães et al, 2005; Bauman, 1990; Bauman et al, 1987; Buffenstein et al, 1994; Buffenstein et al, 2001; Cavaleros et al, 2003; Faulkes and Bennett, 2000; Hulbert, 2000; Korine et al, 2004; Kwiecinski et al, 2001; Masoro, 1988; Ogunsua et al, 1969, Reeder et al, 2005; Stone and Wieber, 1966; Tracy et et al, 2007; Widmaier and Kunz, 1993. See text for details.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine function in naturally long-living small mammals

Buffenstein¹,

Pinto

2009

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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The complex, highly integrative endocrine system regulates all aspects of somatic maintenance and reproduction and has been widely implicated as an important determinant of longevity in short-lived traditional model organisms of aging research. Genetic or experimental manipulation of hormone profiles in mice has been proven to definitively alter longevity. These hormonally induced lifespan extension mechanisms may not necessarily be relevant to humans and other long-lived organisms that naturally show successful slow aging. Long-lived species may have evolved novel anti-aging defenses germane to naturally retarding the aging process. Here we examine the available endocrine data associated with the vitamin D, insulin, grlucocorticoid and thyroid endocrine systems of naturally long-living small mammals. Generally, long-living rodents and bats maintain tightly regulated lower basal levels of these key pleiotropic hormones than shorter-lived rodents. Similarities with genetically manipulated suggest that evolutionarily wellconserved hormonal mechanisms are integrally involved in lifespan determination.

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Section: Hormone Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine function in naturally long-living small mammals

Buffenstein¹,

Pinto

2009

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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“…The principal glucocorticoid produced by humans and other primates is cortisol, whereas many rodents, including P. californicus , primarily produce corticosterone [64]. Despite the fact that GCs are often referred to as “stress hormones”, the HPA axis is continuously active and GCs at baseline levels have important daily functions [72].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function in the California mouse (Peromyscus californicus): Changes in baseline activity, reactivity, and fecal excretion of glucocorticoids across the diurnal cycle

Harris

Saltzman

Jong

et al. 2012

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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The California mouse, Peromyscus californicus, is an increasingly popular animal model in behavioral, neural, and endocrine studies, but little is known about its baseline hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity or HPA responses to stressors. We characterized plasma corticosterone (CORT) concentrations in P. californicus under baseline conditions across the diurnal cycle, in response to pharmacological manipulation of the HPA axis, and in response to a variety of stressors at different times of day. In addition, we explored the use of fecal samples to monitor adrenocortical activity non-invasively. California mice have very high baseline levels of circulating CORT that change markedly over 24 hours, but that do not differ between the sexes. This species may be somewhat glucocorticoid-resistant in comparison to other rodents as a relatively high dose of dexamethasone (5 mg/kg, s.c.) was required to suppress plasma CORT for 8 h post-injection. CORT responses to stressors and ACTH injection differed with time of day, as CORT concentrations were elevated more readily during the morning (inactive period) than in the evening (active period) when compared to time-matched control. Data from 3H-CORT injection studies show that the time course for excretion of fecal CORT, or glucocorticoid metabolites, differs with time of injection. Mice injected in the evening excreted the majority of fecal radioactivity 2–4 h post-injection whereas mice injected during the morning did so at 14–16 h post-injection. Unfortunately, the antibody we used does not adequately bind the most prevalent fecal glucocorticoid metabolites and therefore we could not validate its use for fecal assays.

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“…For example, the major product of HPA axis activation in humans is cortisol, while that in most rodents it is corticosterone 50 . Moreover, the development of the fetal adrenal gland in rats and mice is markedly different with major relative deficiencies in important enzymes and preference for different substrates.…”

Section: An Approach To Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%