Adrenal-Regeneration Hypertension and Factors Influencing Its Development

Skelton, Floyd R.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1956.00250280051007

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The fact that the formerly food-restricted adrenal-enucleated rats displayed a (9-12). greater increase in blood pressure than did their ad Zibitum-fed counterparts suggested again that the previous radical feeding regimens did not permanently suppress the hypertensive potential of the regenerating gland and if anything, accentuated its development. It is noteworthy, particularly in the face of Skelton's original findings ( 12,13), that the increase of blood pressure in the formerly food-restricted AE rats in the present experiment was evident despite a sodium chloride intake similar to that of their ad Zibitum-fed counterparts as well as to that of the intact rats. Undoubtedly, r ealimen ta tion following restricted feeding represents an "alarm stimulus."…”

contrasting

confidence: 39%

“…Skelton ( 12,13 ) has shown that adrenal-enucleated rats must be provided with large amounts of sodium chloride in order for adrenal-enucleation hypertension to develop, particularly during the first 2 weeks after adrenal enucleation. Skelton ( 12,13 ) has shown that adrenal-enucleated rats must be provided with large amounts of sodium chloride in order for adrenal-enucleation hypertension to develop, particularly during the first 2 weeks after adrenal enucleation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood Pressure Response of Adrenal-Enucleated Rats to Restricted And Irregular Feeding Patterns and to Subsequent ad Libitum Realimentation.

Bernardis

Brownie

1965

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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confidence: 39%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Pressure Response of Adrenal-Enucleated Rats to Restricted And Irregular Feeding Patterns and to Subsequent ad Libitum Realimentation.

Bernardis

Brownie

1965

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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“…Selye's group (Selye & Pentz, 1943) found that females were more sensitive to the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)‐salt model of hypertension than males, whereas Ouchi et al (1987) more recently observed that DOCA‐salt‐treated male rats reached higher BP values compared with similarly treated females. Metacorticoid‐ (Sturtevant, 1958) and adrenal regeneration‐dependent (Skelton, 1956) hypertension are two models in which hypertension progresses similarly in male and female rats and neither model is affected by gonadectomy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of sex, gonadectomy and sex hormones in the development of nitric oxide inhibition‐induced hypertension

Sáinz¹,

Osuna

Wangensteen³

et al. 2004

Experimental Physiology

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In this study we have evaluated the influence of sex, gonadectomy and sex hormones on the development of L-NAME-induced hypertension in the rat, focusing our investigation on blood pressure (BP), plasma renin activity (PRA), cardiac hypertrophy and proteinuria. Three experiments were performed to investigate: (i) the influence of sex on the development of L-NAME-induced hypertension; (ii) the effects of gonadectomy on the dimorphism of L-NAME-induced hypertension; and (iii) the effects of testosterone in ovariectomized female and of 17β-oestradiol in orchidectomized male rats. Male L-NAME-treated rats had higher BP values than females. Orchidectomy of L-NAME-treated rats reduced BP to the levels of females and ovariectomy did not affect hypertension in females. Oestrogenized and orchidectomized males had a BP level similar to intact female L-NAME-treated rats. However, androgenization and ovariectomy did not change BP in female L-NAME-treated rats. PRA was greater in intact male L-NAME hypertensive rats than in female rats, and gonadectomy protected against the increase in PRA such that PRA was similar among all the groups. Intact female hypertensive rats showed significantly greater ventricular hypertrophy compared with male hypertensive rats. Male L-NAME hypertensive rats had increased proteinuria that was not present in female rats. Moreover, testosterone increased proteinuria in males and females regardless of the BP level. Male L-NAME-treated rats developed higher BP, PRA and proteinuria than female rats, but were more resistant to the development of cardiac hypertrophy. The higher PRA of male L-NAME-treated rats might be involved in the sex-dependent dimorphism of this model of hypertension.

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“…Although most current studies of experimental hypertension are done on renal, mineralocorticoid, or genetic models, the following experimental models of this disease have each added to our knowledge of hypertension: 1) renoprival, 14 2) adrenal regeneration, 15 3) adrenocorticotropic hormone, 16 4) neurogenic, 17 5) psychosocial, 18 and 6) angiotensin II-salt.…”

Section: -40mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental hypertension.

Bohr¹,

Dominiczak²

1991

Hypertension

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Several interventions are used to induce hypertension in the experimental animal. The three most used interventions are renal ischemia, mineralocorticoid excess, and genetic manipulation. The sequence of events leading from these initiating manipulations to the elevated arterial pressure is being explored to define the mechanism responsible for hypertension. The following mechanisms are currently extensively evaluated: Pressor and depressor factors of renal origin, neurogenic regulation, circulating humoral factors, vessel wall hypertrophy, and membrane transport abnormality. The experimental models of hypertension hold great promise in providing an understanding of the mechanisms and developing effective treatment in clinical hypertension. (Hypertension 1991;17[suppl I]:I-39-I-44) W ith over 30,000,000 cases of hypertension in the United States, opportunity for clinical research is unlimited. Yet a major source in understanding this disease comes from the use of experimental models of hypertension. Evidence for the magnitude of the contribution made by experimental hypertension is seen in the number of articles published in the past 2 years in our two major journals on hypertension. In 1987 and 1988, Hypertension published 118 clinical and 166 experimental articles, and the Journal of Hypertension published 113 clinical and 108 experimental articles. Based on these data, 54% of our information about hypertension is derived from experimental studies.Historically, "The greatest single advance in the experimental production of the condition resembling that of hypertension in man was a convincing demonstration by Goldblatt, Lynch, Hanzel, and Summerville that persistent hypertension could be produced in dogs" (Sir George Pickering).1 In 1934, Goldblatt et al 2 showed that partial constriction of the renal artery and removal of the opposite kidney produce persistent hypertension (one-kidney, one clip hypertension [1K1C]) in dogs. Differing from dogs, the constriction of one renal artery in rats results in hypertension regardless of the presence or absence of the contralateral kidney. The third major model of experimental hypertension was introduced by Smirk and Hall 6 in 1958, when they developed a colony of hypertensive rats by breeding rats with above-average tail blood pressure. This strain of genetically hypertensive rats is now known as the New Zealand strain.As with mineralocorticoid hypertension, the major impetus for the study of genetic hypertension came later. In 1963, Okamoto and Aoki 7 introduced the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), which is presently the most studied experimental model of hypertension. These investigators commenced their colony by mating a male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat that had elevated blood pressure (145-175 mm Hg) with a female WKY rat that had slightly higher than average blood pressure (130-140 mm Hg). In the Fj and subsequent generations, they conducted brothersister inbreeding of the siblings selected for having the highest pressures in each litter. After the third generation,...

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Adrenal-Regeneration Hypertension and Factors Influencing Its Development

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Blood Pressure Response of Adrenal-Enucleated Rats to Restricted And Irregular Feeding Patterns and to Subsequent ad Libitum Realimentation.

Blood Pressure Response of Adrenal-Enucleated Rats to Restricted And Irregular Feeding Patterns and to Subsequent ad Libitum Realimentation.

Role of sex, gonadectomy and sex hormones in the development of nitric oxide inhibition‐induced hypertension

Experimental hypertension.

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