Adrenal Medullary Secretion and Its Neural Control

Euler, U. S. v.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-3229-4.50016-6

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…Norepinephrine is also released from the adrenal medulla (80). More importantly, norepinephrine is released from sympathetic nerve endings, resulting in very high levels in sympathetic synaptic clefts (80).…”

Section: Catecholamine Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Extramuscular Fuel Sources During Exercise

Wasserman

Cherrington

1996

Comprehensive Physiology

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The sections in this article are: Fuel Requirements of the Working Muscle Effect of Exercise Duration Effect of Exercise Intensity Exercise Responses of Hormones and Nerves Involved in Acute Metabolic Regulation Insulin Response Glucagon Response Catecholamine Responses Extramuscular Fuel Sources NEFA Mobilization from Adipose Tissue Basic Mechanisms that Influence NEFA Availability Regulatory Factors Hepatic Glucose Production Exercise Response Regulation by the Endocrine Pancreas Role of Epinephrine Role of Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Norepinephrine Role of Cortisol Regulation during High‐Intensity Exercise Hepatic Fat Metabolism: Oxidation and Triglyceride Synthesis Regulation of Ketogenesis Triglyceride Synthesis Splanchnic Bed Amino Acid Metabolism Protein Breakdown Amino Acids as a Carbon Source for Gluconeogenesis and Oxidation Uptake of Nitrogenous Compounds by the Splanchnic Bed Fate of Nitrogenous Compounds in the Liver Gastrointestinal Tract as a Source of Glucose: Effect of Carbohydrate Ingestion Importance Determinants of the Metabolic Availability of Ingested Carbohydrates Effect of Carbohydrate Ingestion on Endogenous Substrates Training‐Induced Adaptations in Extramuscular Fuel Mobilization Endocrine Adaptations to Physical Training Adaptations of Extramuscular Fuel Sources to Physical Training Summary

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Section: Catecholamine Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More importantly, norepinephrine is released from sympathetic nerve endings, resulting in very high levels in sympathetic synaptic clefts (80). Exercise is a well recognized means of increasing sympathetic nerve activity (92,286).…”

Section: Catecholamine Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Extramuscular Fuel Sources During Exercise

Wasserman

Cherrington

1996

Comprehensive Physiology

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“…He proposed, as did Blaschko & Welch (1953) in their original study, that stimulation releases amines from this pool while the granules serve as reserve stores. This conception, which has been espoused by many authors, springs not only from the finding of " free " amines but from the attractively simple conjecture that stimulation probably involves some increase in the permeability of the plasma membrane of the chromaffin cell that allows the amines to leak out (compare Blaschko & Welch, 1953; Hillarp, 1960b;von Euler, 1967). Not surprisingly, this view is unpopular with microscopists, for it is inaccessible to experimental test with their instruments which cannot, as yet, resolve free amines.…”

Section: The Adrenal Chromaffin Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus‐secretion coupling: the concept and clues from chromaffin and other cells

Douglas

1968

British J Pharmacology

1,364

414

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“…(Among the reviews in this field may be mentioned those of Euler 1967 andFrankenhaeuser 1970). Earlier experiments (e.g.…”

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confidence: 98%

The Diurnal Rhythm of Adrenaline Secretion in Subjects with Different Working Habits

Patkai

1971

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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P~T K A I , P. T h e diurnal rhythm of adrenaline secretion in subjects with different working habits. Acta physiol. scand. 1971. 81. 30-34. Subjects classified as habitual morning us. evening workers on the basis of their answers to a questionnaire, were compared with regard to catecholamine excretion under conditions of relaxation in the morning and in the evening. I t was shown that individuals who preferred to work in the evening, excreted more adrenaline in the evening than in the morning, while individuals characterized by morning alertness excreted more adrenaline in the morning than in the evening, also when relaxing. With regard to noradrenaline excretion there was no marked difference between the groups.The present investigation forms part of a larger project concerned with the relationship between catecholamine excretion and psychological functions. (Among the reviews in this field may be mentioned those of Euler 1967 andFrankenhaeuser 1970). Earlier experiments (e.g. PBtkai et al. 1967, Frankenhaeuser et al. 1968, Frankenhaeuser and Rissler 1970 have shown a positive correlation between catecholamine levels, especially adrenaline level as measured by urinary excretion, and performance. These results were interpreted in the light of the hypothetical inverted-U function relating behavioural efficiency to arousal level. According to this hypothesis efficiency increases as arousal increases to a medium level, and then declines as arousal rises still further. I t was assumed that adrenaline excretion would serve as an indicator of arousal level. Thus, performance would be positively related to low to moderate adrenaline levels.Additional information concerning the part played by adrenaline in the regulation of arousal, was obtained in a study by Levi (1966), where the subjects were exposed to a 72 hr vigil under conditions which simulated combat. He found that adrenaline excretion, measured at three-hourly intervals, showed a regular sinusshaped diurnal variation. The lowest excretion values were obtained just after midnight, coinciding with periods of maximum subjective fatigue and poorest performance. 30

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Adrenal Medullary Secretion and Its Neural Control

Cited by 30 publications

References 155 publications

Regulation of Extramuscular Fuel Sources During Exercise

Regulation of Extramuscular Fuel Sources During Exercise

Stimulus‐secretion coupling: the concept and clues from chromaffin and other cells

The Diurnal Rhythm of Adrenaline Secretion in Subjects with Different Working Habits

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