Adrenal Histoplasmosis: An Uncommon Cause of Adrenal Crisis in an Immunocompetent Man

Abstract

Background Histoplasmosis is a rare cause of primary adrenal insufficiency. Adrenal involvement is commonly encountered with disseminated disease in immunocompromised individuals though some have been reported in immunocompetent patients. Primary adrenal histoplasmosis where adrenals are the only organs with demonstrable disease is uncommon. Case Presentation A 33-year-old immunocompetent man presented with an adrenal crisis. Further evaluation of the underling etiology of primary adrenal insufficiency revealed bilateral adrenal enlargement that was confirmed to be histoplasmosis on adrenal biopsy. Conclusion The case highlights the importance of considering histoplasmosis as an underlying cause of primary adrenal insufficiency in patients from high endemic areas.