Adrenal Hemorrhage in Neonates: Report of 5 Cases and Review of the Literature

Abstract

The differential diagosis of masses in the suprarenal area in neonates is discussed in relation to clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings. Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage can be accurately diagnosed clinically. In the neonate neuroblastoma in situ is self-limiting and exploration to exclude it is unnecessary. Operative intervention should be reserved for controlling massive adrenal hemorrhage or if an abscess forms.

Imaging of Nontraumatic Hemorrhage of the Adrenal Gland

“…Such hemorrhage sometimes occurs prenatally and may be the result of a difficult labor or delivery, particularly in infants of diabetic mothers or infants who are large for their gestational age. Adrenal hemorrhage may also result from asphyxia, hypoxia, septicemia, or hemorrhagic disorders (eg, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, hypoprothrombinemia) (4,17). Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage may be discovered incidentally during US performed for other reasons.…”

Hemorragia suprarrenal que se manifiesta como hematoma escrotal en el recién nacido. A propósito de un caso

“…5 Las manifestaciones clínicas de la hemorragia suprarrenal neonatal son variables; dependen fundamentalmente del grado de hemorragia y de la cantidad de corteza suprarrenal afectada por la hemorragia. 2,6 Entre las manifestaciones más frecuentes se encuentran la anemia, masa abdominal, ictericia y, en menor frecuencia, la tumefacción y el cambio de color en la piel del escroto. 5,7 Si el sangrado es moderado, la sangre permanece en la cápsula suprarrenal.…”

A case of renal vein thrombosis with adrenal haemorrhage

“…The pathogenesis of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage is unknown. Associated factors include birth trauma, asphyxia, sepsis, and coagulopathy 12 . None of these factors were present in our patient.…”