ADPG SYNTHETASE AND ADPG‐α‐GLUCAN 4‐GLUCOSYL TRANSFERASE: ENZYMES INVOLVED IN BACTERIAL GLYCOGEN AND PLANT STARCH SYNTHESIS*

Preiss, Jack; Ozbun, J. L.; Hawker, J. S.; Greenberg, Elaine; Lammel, Claudia J.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1973.tb47578.x

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This phenomenon probably occurs in nature whenever water, in the form of rain or dew, makes contact with fruit surfaces. Glycogen synthesis in bacteria is generally considered to proceed by the transfer of glucose from adenosine-5'-diphosphate-glucose (ADPG) to an cr-glucan chain by ADPglucose: 1,4-cr-Dglucan 4-cr-transferase (glycogen synthetase; EC 2.4.1.21) with the ADPG, in turn, being formed from cr-glucose-1-phosphate by ADPG synthetase (EC 2.7.7.27; ATP:cr-D-glucose-I-phosphate adenylyltransferase) (7). That the ADPG route is not the sole means of glycogen synthesis in bacteria is evidenced by a novel system found in Neisseria perfla~vr (2,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Glycogen synthesis by amylosucrase from Neisseria perflava

MacKenzie¹,

Johnson²,

McDonald³

1977

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Amylosucrase (sucrose:1,4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-glucosyltransferase; EC 2.4.1.4) which mediates the transfer of the glucosyl moiety of sucrose to a growing alpha-1,4-glucan chain is a constitutive enzyme of Neisseria perflava. The products of enzymic action are insoluble glycogenlike polysaccharides and fructose, the latter being a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme (Ki=20 mM). The enzyme is extremely stable and appears to bind very tightly to its polymerized product. Properties of product-bound enzyme reflect those of the native complex.

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confidence: 99%

Glycogen synthesis by amylosucrase from Neisseria perflava

MacKenzie¹,

Johnson²,

McDonald³

1977

Can. J. Microbiol.

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“…ADP glucose-a-glucan-4-a-glucosyltransferase (starch synthetase) is now generally considered to be the major pathway of starch synthesis instead of phosphorylase (30), although some in vivo studies favor phosphorylase (4,10). Recently, isozymes of starch synthetase (9,30) and phosphorylase (7)(8)(9)(10)35) Glucose-P isomerase activity was assayed by incubating the dialyzed enzyme preparation with glucose-6-P and measuring the fructose-6-P formation (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, isozymes of starch synthetase (9,30) and phosphorylase (7)(8)(9)(10)35) Glucose-P isomerase activity was assayed by incubating the dialyzed enzyme preparation with glucose-6-P and measuring the fructose-6-P formation (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Developing Rice Grain

Perez¹,

Perdon²,

Resurreccion³

et al. 1975

Plant Physiol.

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The levels of reducing and nonreducing sugars, starch, soluble protein, and selected enzymes involved in the metabolism of sucrose, glucose-l-P, and glucose nucleotides were assayed in dehulled developing rice grains (Oryza sativa L. line IR1541-76-3) during the first 3 weeks after flowering. The level of reducing sugars in the grain was highest 5 to 6 days after flowering. (6) suggested that, in developing barley, the UDP glucose formed from sucrose is first converted to glucose-l-P by UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase and then the glucose-l-P is converted to ADP glucose by ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase (Fig. 1)

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“…Since butyrate kinase, which is the first enzyme of the BPEC pathway, requires ATP for phosphorylation of 3MP (12,13,15), glucose or glycerol was added along with 3MP as an energy source for ATP generation and to enhance poly(3MP) biosynthesis in the accumulation phase. The concentrations of nutrients required to obtain the desired cell densities were calculated based on the elemental composition of standard E. coli K-12 cells (1); we made sure that no nutritional element was (21,24). Therefore, in subsequent experiments the concentration of ammonium was maintained at about 1 g/liter throughout the course of fermentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the BPEC Pathway for Large-Scale Biotechnological Production of Poly(3-Mercaptopropionate) by Recombinant Escherichia coli , Including a Novel In Situ Isolation Method

Thakor

Lütke‐Eversloh

Steinbüchel

2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Metabolically engineered Escherichia coli JM109 harboring plasmid pBPP1 and expressing the nonnatural BPEC pathway for synthesis of thermoplastic polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and novel polythioesters (PTE) to provide suitable substrates of PHA synthase was investigated with respect to biotechnological production of poly(3-mercaptopropionate) [poly(3MP)]. Fed-batch fermentation processes were established at the 30-and 500-liter scales in stirred tank bioreactors to produce kilogram amounts of poly(3MP). Cultivation was done in a modified M9 mineral salts medium containing glucose or glycerol as the carbon and energy source and with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3MP) as the precursor substrate for poly(3MP) biosynthesis provided from the late exponential growth phase. Approximately 23 g of cell dry matter (CDM) per liter and poly(3MP) cell contents of up to 45% (wt/wt) were the highest cell densities and polymer contents obtained, respectively. At best, 69.1% (wt/wt) of 3MP was converted into poly(3MP), indicating that 3MP was mostly used for poly(3MP) biosynthesis. Furthermore, a novel in situ process for rapid and convenient isolation of poly(3MP) from the cells in the bioreactor was developed. This was achieved by addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate to the cultivation broth immediately after the fermentation, heating to 90°C for 20 min with intensive stirring, and subsequent washing steps. The purity of such in situ isolated poly(3MP) was more than 98%, as revealed by gas chromatographic and elemental sulfur analyses of the material isolated.

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ADPG SYNTHETASE AND ADPG‐α‐GLUCAN 4‐GLUCOSYL TRANSFERASE: ENZYMES INVOLVED IN BACTERIAL GLYCOGEN AND PLANT STARCH SYNTHESIS*

Cited by 39 publications

References 56 publications

Glycogen synthesis by amylosucrase from Neisseria perflava

Glycogen synthesis by amylosucrase from Neisseria perflava

Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Developing Rice Grain

Application of the BPEC Pathway for Large-Scale Biotechnological Production of Poly(3-Mercaptopropionate) by Recombinant Escherichia coli , Including a Novel In Situ Isolation Method

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