Adolescents’ Concerns About School Violence or Shootings and Association With Depressive, Anxiety, and Panic Symptoms

Riehm, Kira E.; Mojtabai, Ramin; Adams, Leslie B.; Krueger, Evan A.; Mattingly, Delvon T.; Nestadt, Paul S.; Leventhal, Adam M.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.32131

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The literature surrounding the mental health outcomes of children and adolescents who have experienced gun violence is limited and most focused on older youth [ 33 ]. The few studies from the last 3 years that have focused on the mental health outcomes of young children aged 0 to 8 who have been exposed to gun violence provide little detail on the psychopathology of young children.…”

Section: Mental Health Outcomes From Gun Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reeping’s study on school shootings among youth aged K–12 found that these events have significant effects on mental health and the emotional well-being of impacted students within the school community [ 1 ]. These impacts included increased depression, PTSD, and anxiety in young children [ 33 ]. Shonfield and Domeria’s study on supporting children after school shootings found that these events can also cause trauma symptoms within effected individuals [ 34 ].…”

Section: Mental Health Outcomes From Gun Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Reviewing the Literature on the Impact of Gun Violence on Early Childhood Development

Holloway,

Cahill,

Tieu

et al. 2023

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Purpose of Review To examine the impacts of gun violence on early childhood development including early childhood mental health, cognitive development, and the assessment and treatment of survivors. Recent Findings The literature reflects that gun violence exposure is often associated with significant mental health outcomes including anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and depression in older youth. Historically, studies have focused on adolescents and their exposures to gun violence through proximity to gun violence within their communities, neighborhoods, and schools. However, the impacts of gun violence on young children are less known. Summary Gun violence has significant impacts on mental health outcomes of youth aged 0–18. Few studies focus specifically on how gun violence impacts early childhood development. In light of the increase in youth gun violence over the past three decades with a significant uptick since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, continued efforts are needed to better understand how gun violence impacts early childhood development.

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Section: Mental Health Outcomes From Gun Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mental Health Outcomes From Gun Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing the Literature on the Impact of Gun Violence on Early Childhood Development

Holloway,

Cahill,

Tieu

et al. 2023

Curr Psychiatry Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Decreased sense of safety and increased absenteeism were found in students who attended a school in close proximity to a school that had a mass shooting [ 61 ]. Black youths who are concerned about violence at their school were more likely to have depressive symptoms [ 62 ]. While current literature outlines the importance of knowing risk and protective factors for better outcomes of the survivors [ 63 ], there is a lack of published data on how or if school shootings affect minority youths differently than White youths.…”

Section: Specific Traumatic Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma and US Minority Children and Youth

Pumariega

Beck

et al. 2022

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Purpose of Review This paper reviews the literature on the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of traumatic experiences on the mental health outcomes of minority youth in the USA. Recent Findings The USA has an increasing number of children and youth from minority backgrounds. Research reveals that traumatic experiences disproportionately affect minority youth. These experiences include historical/generational trauma, immigration and acculturation stressors, natural and manmade disasters, experiences of discrimination, family violence, and community violence. The COVID-19 pandemic has also disproportionately affected minority youth resulting in illness and hospitalizations. Despite the higher incidence of trauma exposure, minority youth are less likely to access medical and mental health care. These disparities are resulting in increasing rates of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, substance use disorders, and suicide in minority youth. Summary Recognizing and understanding the impact of trauma is critical to the healthy development and successful functioning of minority youth, and to the success of our nation.

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“…Anxiety among adolescents in the United States is extremely prevalent and has risen in recent years due to escalating environmental stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic, experiences of racism, and other forms of discrimination, pressures related to social media use, mounting pressures to succeed, and school shootings (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Prevalence rates suggest that an…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining attachment-based family therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy to improve outcomes for adolescents with anxiety

et al. 2023

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Increases in adolescent anxiety over the past several years suggest a need for trauma-informed, culturally responsive interventions that help teens cope with environmental stressors like those associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Although abundant evidence supports the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating adolescent anxiety, not all teens respond positively to CBT. CBT does not typically include strategies that address important family factors that may be impacting the teen’s functioning, such as the attachment relationship. Attachment-based family therapy (ABFT) addresses the attachment relationship and other factors that contribute to the adolescent’s anxiety and related distress. By enhancing positive parenting behaviors, such as acceptance and validation of the adolescent’s distress and promotion of their autonomy, ABFT sessions may repair the attachment relationship and increase the family’s ability and willingness to engage in CBT tasks aimed at reducing anxiety. This theoretical paper describes the ABFT model and proposes that implementing ABFT sessions prior to CBT could result in better clinical outcomes for adolescents with anxiety disorders by improving the context within which the anxiety symptoms and treatment are experienced. Given that ABFT is sensitive and responsive to family and other contextual factors, adolescents from marginalized communities and those from less individualistic cultures may find the model to be more acceptable and appropriate for addressing factors related to their anxiety. Thus, a combined ABFT+CBT model might result in better outcomes for adolescents who have not historically responded well to CBT alone.

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Adolescents’ Concerns About School Violence or Shootings and Association With Depressive, Anxiety, and Panic Symptoms

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Reviewing the Literature on the Impact of Gun Violence on Early Childhood Development

Reviewing the Literature on the Impact of Gun Violence on Early Childhood Development

Trauma and US Minority Children and Youth

Combining attachment-based family therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy to improve outcomes for adolescents with anxiety

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