Adolescents and young adults who are not in employment, education, or training

Scott, Jan; Fowler, David; McGorry, Patrick D.; Birchwood, Max; Killackey, Eóin; Christensen, Helen; Glozier, Nick; Yung, Alison R.; Power, Paddy; Nordentoft, Merete; Singh, Swaran P.; Brietzke, Elisa; Davidson, Simon; Conus, Philippe; Bellivier, Frank; Delorme, Richard; MacMillan, Ian C.; Buchanan, John; Colom, Francesc; Vieta, Eduard; Bauer, Michael J.; McGuire, Philip; Merikangas, Kathleen R.

doi:10.1136/bmj.f5270

Cited by 60 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This paper reinforces the importance of the early intervention model in psychiatry to maximize functional outcomes for adolescents with mental disorder (Scott et al 2013). Future research needs to identify potential mediating factors between adolescent mental health disorder and economic inactivity, as well as resilience factors mediating entry to further education and labour force participation in emerging adulthood in order to deliver the most effective intervention at the most appropriate time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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The association between economic inactivity and mental health among young people: a longitudinal study of young adults who are not in employment, education or training

Power

Clarke

Kelleher

et al. 2015

Ir. j. psychol. Med.

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NEET young people are at increased risk for mental disorder and suicidal ideation. The association is bidirectional, as prior mental disorder in adolescence appeared to account for much of the association between NEET status and current mental health problems. However, economic inactivity conveys an increased risk for suicidal ideation over and above that due to prior disorder. Our findings provide a compelling economic and societal argument for early intervention and treatment of mental disorder and the importance of vocational interventions for reducing suicide risk in young adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The directionality of any associations between NEET young people and mental health problems is a current focus of interest (Scott et al 2013). There is increasing evidence of a profound effect of child and adolescent psychopathology on later psychosocial and economic outcomes (Goodman et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between economic inactivity and mental health among young people: a longitudinal study of young adults who are not in employment, education or training

Power

Clarke

Kelleher

et al. 2015

Ir. j. psychol. Med.

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show abstract

“…For the second aim, we expected that, consistent with previous research, [22][23][24][25][26] cognitive and psychological dysfunction would be associated with decrements in work functioning. We did not propose any a priori hypotheses as to specific areas of cognitive impairment or prevalence of specific psychiatric diagnoses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Each item is a list of 4 statements about a symptom of depression, arranged in increasing severity from 0 to 3. The BDI-II total score is the sum of all items and can be interpreted as minimal (0-13), mild (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19), moderate (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), and severe (29-63). Cronbach' s a for the BDI-II is 0.91.…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Deficit and Mental Health in Homeless Transition-Age Youth

et al. 2014

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is increasing recognition of the cognitive consequences of socioeconomic adversity during childhood, which can impair learning and negatively affect social and emotional development. However, there is a paucity of research on cognitive functioning and mental health among transition-age homeless youth. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by examining the prevalence and functional significance of cognitive impairment and mental health disorders in a sample of 18- to 22-year-old homeless youth. METHODS: Participants (N = 73) were recruited from a vocational support program at Covenant House New York, a care agency for homeless youth. Assessments included diagnostic assessment for mental health disorders and evaluation of neurocognition and vocational outcomes. RESULTS: Youth demonstrated histories of academic instability, academic achievement below expectation, and high rates of untreated psychiatric disorders, the most prominent of which were anxiety, substance use, and mood disorders. Of those who had a mental health diagnosis, more than half demonstrated cognitive deficits. Performance on measures of working memory and verbal memory was <70% of that of the age-matched normative population. Cognitive impairment was associated with a significant risk for making a wage insufficient for independent living. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm the need to focus on cognitive as well as emotional and physical health in transition-age youth. Comprehensive intervention at this later developmental stage has the potential to facilitate the acquisition of skills needed for academic, vocational, and independent living success in adulthood.

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“…9,10 Early treatment is associated with less disruption in personal and professional life, reduced severity of depressive symptoms, and reduction in the risk of substance abuse and suicidal or aggressive behavior. [11][12][13][14][15] The risk of relapse after the FEP is high, and the most robust predictor of this occurrence is nonadherence to medication. 3,[16][17][18] Tiihonen et al 19 performed a nationwide cohort study of 2,588 patients hospitalized for the first time with schizophrenia in Finland and found that only a minority of patients adhered to their initial antipsychotic during the first 60 days after discharge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of adherence to treatment in first-episode psychosis: a comprehensive review

Leclerc

Noto

Bressan

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To conduct a comprehensive review of current evidence on factors for nonadherence to treatment in individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Methods: MEDLINE, LILACS, PsycINFO, and SciELO databases were searched with the keywords first episode psychosis, factor, adherence, nonadherence, engagement, disengagement, compliance, and intervention. References of selected studies were consulted for relevant articles. Results: A total of 157 articles were screened, of which 33 articles were retained for full review. The factors related to nonadherence were: a) patient-related (e.g., lower education level, persistent substance use, forensic history, unemployment, history of physical abuse); b) environment-related (e.g., no family involved in treatment, social adjustment difficulties); c) medication-related (e.g., rapid remission of negative symptoms when starting treatment, therapeutic alliance); and d) illness-related (e.g., more positive symptoms, more relapses). Treatment factors that improve adherence include a good therapeutic alliance and a voluntary first admission when hospitalization occurs. Conclusion:The results of this review suggest that nonadherence to treatment in FEP is multifactorial. Many of these factors are modifiable and can be specifically targeted in early intervention programs. Very few studies have assessed strategies to raise adherence in FEP.

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Adolescents and young adults who are not in employment, education, or training

Cited by 60 publications

References 14 publications

The association between economic inactivity and mental health among young people: a longitudinal study of young adults who are not in employment, education or training

The association between economic inactivity and mental health among young people: a longitudinal study of young adults who are not in employment, education or training

Cognitive Deficit and Mental Health in Homeless Transition-Age Youth

Determinants of adherence to treatment in first-episode psychosis: a comprehensive review

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