Adolescent Life Events Questionnaire--Revised Version

Familism and Latino adolescent depressive symptoms: The role of maternal warmth and support and school support.

“…Other research has focused on the differential influences of family versus peer support on European American adolescents' outcomes, but this research has yielded mixed results. For example, past studies have found that parent, teacher, and peer support each significantly predicted fewer depressive symptoms (Colarossi & Eccles, 2003;Rueger, Malecki, & Demaray, 2010), while other studies failed to find parent and peer support to be related to depression (Auerbach et al, 2011;Stice, Ragan, & Randall, 2004). Yet, these studies did not examine how school support interacts with values about family.…”

“…Although few studies have been done with Latino adolescents, studies across cultures have found perceived parental support to be protective against psychological distress, as well as depressive symptoms more specifically (Auerbach, Bigda-Peyton, Eberhart, Webb, & Ho, 2011;Boutelle, Eisenberg, Gregory, & Neumark-Sztainer, 2009;Needham, 2008;Sheeber, Hops, Alpert, Davis, & Andrews, 1997). In a sample of Latina adolescents, maternal support was negatively associated with mother-daughter conflict and depressive symptoms for both early and middle, Mexican-origin, female adolescents (Bámaca-Colbert, Umaña-Taylor, & Gayles, 2012).…”

“…Although much research has found maternal warmth and support to be protective against depressive symptoms (Auerbach et al, 2011;Boutelle et al, 2009;Needham, 2008;Sheeber et al, 1997), previous research has failed to look at whether maternal warmth and support enhances the relationship between familism and depressive symptoms. For example, in the context of a warm and supportive mother-adolescent relationship, adolescents may perceive family obligations and subjugation of self to the family, two main components of familism, as a way to help their mother with their family.…”

Beyond the Nuclear Family: Children’s Social Networks and Depressive Symptomology

“…Studies that follow children into adulthood are limited, so it is unclear whether social networks in childhood are linked to trajectories of depressive symptomology over time. Prospective studies of early life predictors of depression during the transition to adulthood provide evidence for the influence of family network characteristics, including large family size and low parental support (Auerbach, Bigda-Peyton, Eberhart, Webb, & Ho, 2011;Meadows, Brown, & Elder, 2006;Reinherz, Paradis, Giaconia, Stashwick, & Fitzmaurice, 2003). Reciprocal friendships and lower levels of peer rejection in childhood have been linked to positive adjustment in adulthood (Bagwell, Newcomb, & Bukowski, 1998), whereas having no friends in childhood was associated with higher likelihood of exhibiting internalizing and externalizing problems in early adulthood (Sakyi, Surkan, Fombonne, Chollet, & Melchior, 2015).…”

“…Consequently, it may not be the availability of family support in the Close Family and Varied Family profiles that protects against depressive symptoms, but rather the lack of family support in the Friend and Family focused typology that makes those children more vulnerable. Studies of older adolescents suggest that parental support, in particular, is a robust protective factor against depression (Auerbach et al, 2011;Colarossi & Eccles, 2003). For children and younger adolescents who rely on parents and other caregivers, the absence of family support, even in the presence of peer support, may be especially harmful to psychological well-being.…”