Adolescent Drug Use, Psychological Distress, and Physical Symptoms

Hansell, Stephen; White, Helene Raskin

doi:10.2307/2136809

Cited by 108 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Hansell and White (1991), for example, did not find effects of psychological distress on subsequent drug use, although the time lag in this study (3 years) may have been too long to allow for detecting such effects. A recent study involving low socioeconomic status African American youth indicated that highly depressed sixth graders were at no greater risk for subsequent substance use than were their "nonproblem" counterparts without symptoms of either an internalizing and externalizing nature (Miller-Johnson, Lochman, Coie, Terry, & Hyman, 1998).…”

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confidence: 54%

Contextual factors in substance use: A study of suburban and inner-city adolescents

1999

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Objectives in this research were to examine contextual differences in correlates of substance use among high school students. The focus was on two broad categories of adjustment indices: personal psychopathology (internalizing and externalizing problems) and behaviors reflecting social competence (academic achievement, teacher-rated classroom behaviors, and peer acceptance or rejection). Associations between drug use and each of these constructs were examined in two sociodemographically disparate groups: teens from affluent, suburban families (n = 264), and low socioeconomic status adolescents from inner-city settings (n = 224). Results indicated that suburban youth reported significantly higher levels of substance use than inner-city youth. In addition, their substance use was more strongly linked with subjectively perceived maladjustment indices. Comparable negative associations involving grades and teacher-rated behaviors were found in both groups, and among suburban males only, substance use showed robust positive associations with acceptance by peers. Results are discussed in terms of developmental perspectives on adolescent deviance, contextual socializing forces, and implications for preventive interventions and treatment.Substance use among American adolescents has remained at alarmingly high levels across the last several decades (Johnston, O'Malley, & Bachman, 1998). Epidemiological research indicates that after years of general decline, use of alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, and other drugs by teens escalated around 1990, and has yet to resume a significant downward trend (McMahon & Luthar, in press).Feelings of subjective inner distress are frequently implicated in adolescents' use of substances, as indicated by the frequent co-occurrence of chemical dependency disorders with other psychiatric diagnoses (Anthony, Warner, & Kessler, 1994; Warner, Kessler, Hughs, Anthony, & Nelson, 1995). Among youth in treatment for substance abuse, researchers have established that between 25 and 50% have at least one comorbid psychiatric diagnosis of a major depressive disorder (Bukstein, Glancy, & Kaminer, 1992;Deykin, Buka, & Zeena, 1992;Stowell & Estroff, 1992).Aside from affective disorders, anxiety disorders constitute another category of disturbed affect potentially implicated in adolescent substance use, although evidence in this regard has been less consistent. Results of a recent epidemiological study showed that whereas depression in youth served as a risk factor for substance use, anxiety symptoms did not (Costello, Erkanli, Federman, & Angold, in press). By contrast, Christie et al. (1988) reported a doubling of risk for subsequent drug use disorder in young adults who had an earlier disorder in either the anxiety or depressive categories. Daily cigarette smoking has also been found to be linked with an increased risk for anxiety disorders (Kandel et al., 1997), and the use of street drugs was reported to be a significant factor in discriminating between high-versus low-anxiety adolescents (Bern...

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confidence: 54%

Contextual factors in substance use: A study of suburban and inner-city adolescents

1999

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“…[224]). In her review of the literature on stress effects on alcohol consumption in humans, Pohorecky [430] concluded that stress is most convincingly associated with alcohol consumption in adolescence, with more mixed findings evident in studies conducted in adults.…”

Section: Stress and Drug Abuse In Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adolescent brain and age-related behavioral manifestations

Spear

2000

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

4,692

110

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To successfully negotiate the developmental transition between youth and adulthood, adolescents must maneuver this often stressful period while acquiring skills necessary for independence. Certain behavioral features, including age-related increases in social behavior and risk-taking/novelty-seeking, are common among adolescents of diverse mammalian species and may aid in this process. Reduced positive incentive values from stimuli may lead adolescents to pursue new appetitive reinforcers through drug use and other risk-taking behaviors, with their relative insensitivity to drugs supporting comparatively greater per occasion use. Pubertal increases in gonadal hormones are a hallmark of adolescence, although there is little evidence for a simple association of these hormones with behavioral change during adolescence. Prominent developmental transformations are seen in prefrontal cortex and limbic brain regions of adolescents across a variety of species, alterations that include an apparent shift in the balance between mesocortical and mesolimbic dopamine systems. Developmental changes in these stressor-sensitive regions, which are critical for attributing incentive salience to drugs and other stimuli, likely contribute to the unique characteristics of adolescence. ᭧

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“…However, findings regarding the predictive associations of depressed mood with adolescent substance use and problem use are much less consistent than those for conduct problems. For example, some investigators have failed to find links between depressed mood and adolescent substance use and problem use (Brook et al, 1998, Clark et al, 1999, Hansell and White, 1991, especially when controlling for conduct problems and related confounding factors (Capaldi and Stoolmiller, 1999, Fergusson and Woodward, 2002, Stice et al, 1998. Findings from these latter studies are noteworthy because they illustrate the importance of considering both conduct problems and depressed mood together in relation to adolescent substance involvement.…”

Section: Consequences Of Depressed Mood For Substance Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of conduct problems and depressed mood in relation to adolescent substance involvement and peer substance use

Mason

Hitchings

Spoth

2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Conduct problems are strong positive predictors of substance use and problem substance use among teens, whereas predictive associations of depressed mood with these outcomes are mixed. Conduct problems and depressed mood often co-occur, and such co-occurrence may heighten risk for negative outcomes. Thus, this study examined the interaction of conduct problems and depressed mood at age 11 in relation to substance use and problem use at age 18, and possible mediation through peer substance use at age 16. Analyses of multirater longitudinal data collected from 429 rural youths (222 girls) and their families were conducted using a methodology for testing latent variable interactions. The link between the conduct problems X depressed mood interaction and adolescent substance use was negative and statistically significant. Unexpectedly, positive associations of conduct problems with substance use were stronger at lower levels of depressed mood. A significant negative interaction in relation to peer substance use also was observed, and the estimated indirect effect of the interaction on adolescent use through peer use as a mediator was statistically significant. Findings illustrate the complexity of multiproblem youth.

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Adolescent Drug Use, Psychological Distress, and Physical Symptoms

Cited by 108 publications

References 40 publications

Contextual factors in substance use: A study of suburban and inner-city adolescents

Contextual factors in substance use: A study of suburban and inner-city adolescents

The adolescent brain and age-related behavioral manifestations

The interaction of conduct problems and depressed mood in relation to adolescent substance involvement and peer substance use

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