Adolescent Concepts of Social Sex Roles in the United States and the Two Germanies

Seward, Georgene H.; Larson, Wendy

doi:10.1159/000270609

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Karr & Wesley (1966) found German parents to be more controlling over home-related activities than American parents, who were more concerned with their children's social activities outside the home. This finding that German parents place a heavier emphasis on family-related issues is also consistent with previous cross-national studies (Seward & Larson, 1968;Sullwold, 1959).…”

Section: Previous Comparative Studiessupporting

confidence: 92%

Parental Behaviors and Adolescent Self-Esteem in the United States and Germany

Barber¹

1992

Journal of Marriage and the Family

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Section: Previous Comparative Studiessupporting

confidence: 92%

Parental Behaviors and Adolescent Self-Esteem in the United States and Germany

Barber¹

1992

Journal of Marriage and the Family

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“…For example, ratings of "middle managers" were found to be closer to ratings of men than of women (Schein, 1973); and feminists were found to rate men higher on negatively valued traits than nonfeminists (Nielsen & Doyle, 1975). Some of these studies have used the Rosenkrantz et al (1968) scale (Ellis & Bentler, 1973Elman, Press, & Rosenkrantz, 1970); while others have developed their own scales, often as a compilation of several studies (Lunneborg, 1970;Nielsen & Doyle, 1975;Peterson, 1975;Schein, 1973;Seward & Larson, 1968).…”

Section: Bipolar Ratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beliefs about Males

Cicone

Ruble

1978

Journal of Social Issues

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This paper reviews the empirical literature on people's beliefs about males, particularly how the "typical male" is described on paper-andpencil adjective-list studies. A threefold categorization is suggested of the traits that seem to be mentioned most often as characteristic of the typical male: (a) how a man handles his life (active and achievement-oriented), (b) how a man handles others (dominant), and (c) how a man handles his psyche (level-headed). In addition, several methodological and interpretational problems are described. On the basis of these problems and of findings from studies that examine beliefs about males in different ways, it is suggested that highly stereotypic beliefs about males may be less pervasive than usually thought.Several writers have recently suggested that a small number of core concepts of masculinity might underlie the great variety of beliefs and expectations about men which have been reported. Brannon (1976) finds four basic themes important: (a) "no sissy stuff"-the avoidance of all feminine behaviors and traits; (b) "the big wheel"-the acquisition of success, status, and breadwinning competence; (c) "the sturdy oak"-strength, confidence, and independence; and (d) "give'em hell "-aggression, violence, and daring. Pleck (1976) suggests a contrast between "traditional masculinity," which emphasizes physicality, suppression of tenderness, a purely functional relationship between the sexes, and impulsive behavior-and "modern masculinity," in which interpersonal skills are more important, heterosexual tenderness allowed, and "coolness" the desired emotional state. Others have offered still other hypotheses (Fasteau

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“…Evidence of the existence of sex-role stereotypes, that is, highly consensual norms and beliefs about the differing characteristics of men and women, is abundantly present in the literature (Anastasi & Foley, 1949;Fernberger, 1948;Komarovsky, 1950;McKee & Sherriffs, 1957;Seward, 1946;Seward & Larson, 1968;Wylie, 1961;Rosenkrantz, Vogel, Bee, Broverman, & Broverman, 1968). Similarly, the differential valuations of behaviors and characteristics stereotypically ascribed to men and women are well established (Kitay, 1940;Lynn, 1959;McKee & Sherriffs, 1959;Rosenkrantz et al, 1968;White, 1950), that is, stereotypically masculine traits are more often perceived as socially desirable than are attributes which are stereotypically feminine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-role stereotypes and clinical judgments of mental health.

Broverman¹,

Broverman²,

Clarkson³

et al. 1970

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

1,450

592

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A sex-role Stereotype Questionnaire consisting of 122 bipolar items was given to actively functioning clinicians with one of three sets of instructions: To describe a healthy, mature, socially competent (a) adult, sex unspecified, (6) a man, or (c) a woman. It was hypothesized that clinical judgments about the characteristics of healthy individuals would differ as a function of sex of person judged, and furthermore, that these differences in clinical judgments would parallel stereotypic sex-role differences. A second hypothesis predicted that behaviors and characteristics judged healthy for an adult, sex unspecified, which are presumed to reflect an ideal standard of health, will resemble behaviors judged healthy for men, but differ from behaviors judged healthy for women. Both hypotheses were confirmed. Possible reasons for and the effects of this double standard of health are discussed.

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Adolescent Concepts of Social Sex Roles in the United States and the Two Germanies

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Parental Behaviors and Adolescent Self-Esteem in the United States and Germany

Parental Behaviors and Adolescent Self-Esteem in the United States and Germany

Beliefs about Males

Sex-role stereotypes and clinical judgments of mental health.

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