Adolescent body mass index and infertility caused by ovulatory disorder

Rich‐Edwards, Janet W.; Goldman, Marlene B.; Willett, Walter C.; Hunter, David J.; Stampfer, Meir J.; Colditz, Graham A.; Manson, JoAnn E.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(94)90465-0

Cited by 473 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This has consequences for reproductive health. Obese women are almost three times more likely than non-obese women to have some degree of infertility and may take longer to conceive, even if cycling regularly [3,4]. Studies have shown that obese women who do become pregnant have an increased risk of miscarriage, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and congenital defects in offspring [5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of obesity on egg quality

Purcell

Moley

2011

J Assist Reprod Genet

132

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Obesity in women is a concern in many countries. This causes numerous health issues; however, this review focuses on the impact of obesity on women's reproduction, and in particular the oocyte. Data from infertility clinics and experimental animal models that address the effects of obesity are presented. Bidirectional communication and metabolic support from the surrounding cumulus cells are critical for oocyte development, and the impact of obesity on these cells is also addressed. Both oocyte maturation and metabolism are impaired due to obesity, negatively impacting further development. In addition to reproductive hormones, obesity induced elevations in insulin, glucose, or free fatty acids, and changes in adipokines appear to impact the developmental competence of the oocyte. The data indicate that any one of these hormones or metabolites can impair oocyte developmental competence in vivo, and the combination of all of these factors and their interactions are the subject of ongoing investigations.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of obesity on egg quality

Purcell

Moley

2011

J Assist Reprod Genet

132

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“…As shown in Figure 2, as BMI at age 18 exceeded 25 kg/m 2 , the prevalence of menstrual cycle irregularity increased and the risk of ovulatory failure increased. 2 In this study, about 500 cases of PCOS were reported. In both women with PCOS and women without PCOS, increased BMI was associated with an increased relative risk of infertility.…”

Section: Adolescence and Young Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In both women with PCOS and women without PCOS, increased BMI was associated with an increased relative risk of infertility. 2 Obese women not only have lower fertility rates, but also have a poorer prognosis with assisted reproduction. An Australian study 3 investigated whether BMI affects the probability of pregnancy in a series of 3586 women who underwent assisted reproduction (in vitro fertilisation, intracytoplasmic sperm injection or gamete intrafallopian transfer).…”

Section: Adolescence and Young Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity in women: a life cycle of medical risk

Ryan

2007

Int J Obes

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Obesity can have an adverse impact on health at each stage of a woman's life cycle. In young women, obesity has an impact on psychosocial health and, as they grow older and become parents, on their reproductive health. Obesity also imposes a number of serious risks during pregnancy. In older women, obesity is associated with the emergence of a number of related chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and increased risk for almost all types of cancer. Of concern in the elderly is the increasing evidence that obesity is an independent risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Obesity also has a marked impact on life expectancy. The medical risks associated with obesity in women are also important for the woman's children and future generations. There is emerging evidence that nutrition during fetal and early life can influence risk for obesity and chronic diseases for both sexes. International Journal of Obesity (2007) 31, S3-S7; doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803729Keywords: women; pregnancy; intergenerational programming; Alzheimer's diseaseIn an obesogenic environment, women are at greater risk for obesity, and especially severe obesity, than men, and they also appear to be at disproportionate risk for some of the complications of obesity. In most developed countries, the rates of obesity are higher in women than men. Also, focus on obesity in women is an important consideration for men because the metabolic status of the mother during pregnancy can impact her children, both boys and girls.The biologic differences between men and women in their risk for obesity and its complications are an important area for research because they can give insights into the mechanisms that underlie obesity and can increase the understanding of obesity in both genders. Adolescence and young adulthoodObesity can have an adverse impact on health at each stage of a woman's life. In young women, obesity has an impact on psychosocial health and, as they grow older and become parents, on their reproductive health.The higher rate of obesity in women compared with men has a number of societal consequences. Compared with men, women suffer more from the stigmatisation imposed by obesity and have lower education levels and rates of marriage. At a socio-economic level, compared with normal weight women, obese women with higher education or in upper white-collar positions have significantly lower incomes. Excess body weight is not associated with similar income disadvantages for men.The social and economic consequences of obesity were demonstrated in a study of a representative sample of 10 039 US adolescent and young adult men and women (aged 16-24 years). On follow-up 7 years after the initial survey, women who had been overweight (defined as body mass index (BMI) above the 95th percentile for age and sex) at baseline had indices of socio-economic status that were worse than those of the normal weight women. The survey showed that they were more likely to have had fewer years of education, to be living in poverty,...

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“…A recent review of GWAS data showed that the onset of menarche involves at least 35 genes including not only FTO but also TRA2B, ETV5, TMEM18 and SEC16B which are also known to play a role in obesity [62]. Obesity in women impacts fertility status with an increased time to conception and a relative risk for anovulatory infertility estimated at 2.7 [63][64][65]. Spontaneous conceptions decrease with subsequent increases in BMI for women.…”

Section: Yrbm Znf483mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinically relevant known and candidate genes for obesity and their overlap with human infertility and reproduction

Butler

McGuire

Manzardo

2015

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose Obesity is a growing public health concern now reaching epidemic status worldwide for children and adults due to multiple problems impacting on energy intake and expenditure with influences on human reproduction and infertility. A positive family history and genetic factors are known to play a role in obesity by influencing eating behavior, weight and level of physical activity and also contributing to human reproduction and infertility. Recent advances in genetic technology have led to discoveries of new susceptibility genes for obesity and causation of infertility. The goal of our study was to provide an update of clinically relevant candidate and known genes for obesity and infertility using high resolution chromosome ideograms with gene symbols and tabular form. Methods We used computer-based internet websites including PubMed to search for combinations of key words such as obesity, body mass index, infertility, reproduction, azoospermia, endometriosis, diminished ovarian reserve, estrogen along with genetics, gene mutations or variants to identify evidence for development of a master list of recognized obesity genes in humans and those involved with infertility and reproduction. Gene symbols for known and candidate genes for obesity were plotted on high resolution chromosome ideograms at the 850 band level. Both infertility and obesity genes were listed separately in alphabetical order in tabular form and those highlighted when involved with both conditions. Results By searching the medical literature and computer generated websites for key words, we found documented evidence for 370 genes playing a role in obesity and 153 genes for human reproduction or infertility. The obesity genes primarily affected common pathways in lipid metabolism, deposition or transport, eating behavior and food selection, physical activity or energy expenditure. Twenty-one of the obesity genes were also associated with human infertility and reproduction. Gene symbols were plotted on high resolution ideograms and their name, precise chromosome band location and description were summarized in tabular form. Conclusions Meaningful correlations in the obesity phenotype and associated human infertility and reproduction are represented with the location of genes on chromosome ideograms along with description of the gene and position in tabular form. These high resolution chromosome ideograms and tables will be useful in genetic awareness and counseling, diagnosis and treatment to improve clinical outcomes.

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Adolescent body mass index and infertility caused by ovulatory disorder

Cited by 473 publications

References 13 publications

The impact of obesity on egg quality

The impact of obesity on egg quality

Obesity in women: a life cycle of medical risk

Clinically relevant known and candidate genes for obesity and their overlap with human infertility and reproduction

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