Adnet ‘Marble’, Untersberg ‘Marble’ and Leitha Limestone—Best Examples Expressing Austria’s Physical Cultural Heritage

Moshammer, Beatrix; Uhlir, Christian; Rohatsch, Andreas; Unterwurzacher, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-09048-1_49

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Pores and voids range from a few micrometres to millimetre range, and the total open porosity measured by Hg-porosimetry is about 20.7%. St. Margarethen Limestone has been used as a construction and sculptural stone from Roman times until today [46]. The main deterioration phenomena affecting this lithotype are granular disintegration, formation of black crusts, scaling, sanding and bursting [47].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency and Compatibility of Selected Alkoxysilanes on Porous Carbonate and Silicate Stones

et al. 2019

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This study compares the consolidation efficiency and compatibility of three selected alkoxysilanes on two porous carbonate and silicate substrates. Emphasis was given to artificially induced microstructural defects and subsequent restoration of mechanical and physical properties. Two newly engineered formulations (1) a TiO2 modified tetraethyl-orthosilicate in isopropanol with 70% active content and (2) a TiO2 modified alkyl-trialkoxysilane in isopropanol with 75% active content were compared to a commercial product (3), a solvent free tetraethyl-orthosilicate with 99% active content. Treatments were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, colour impact and their effect on dynamic modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile- and flexural strengths, capillary water absorption and water vapour permeability. A key outcome was that mechanical strength gain induced by treatments is primarily governed by a stone’s texture and microstructure, and secondarily by the gel deposition rate of consolidants. Likewise, the kinetics of the gel-forming reaction during curing is dependent not only on the product but also on the substrate. Therefore, the moisture related properties and the visual impact develop during time. There is no general trend on how it evolves in time, which can lead to incorrect interpretations of treatment compatibility. The results prove that wide-ranging treatment performance is obtained when applying the same products on different substrates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency and Compatibility of Selected Alkoxysilanes on Porous Carbonate and Silicate Stones

et al. 2019

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“…The carbonate stone used was a biogenic calcareous arenite called Auer limestone [46,47,48]. This stone was quarried in Au am Leithagebirge (Austria) and has been extensively used as building and ornamental material since the 14th century for its aesthetical qualities and large availability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and Compatibility of a Novel Sustainable Method for Stone Consolidation Based on Di-Ammonium Phosphate and Calcium-Based Nanomaterials

et al. 2019

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External surfaces of stones used in historic buildings often carry high artistic value and need to be preserved from the damages of time, especially from the detrimental effects of the weathering. This study aimed to test the effectiveness and compatibility of some new environmentally-friendly materials for stone consolidation, as the use thereof has been so far poorly investigated. The treatments were based on combinations of an aqueous solution of di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and two calcium-based nanomaterials, namely a commercial nanosuspension of Ca(OH)2 and a novel nanosuspension of calcite. The treatments were applied to samples of two porous stones: a limestone and a sandstone. The effectiveness of the treatments was assessed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultrasound pulse velocity test, colour measurements, and capillary water absorption test. The results suggest that the combined use of DAP and Ca-based nanosuspensions can be advantageous over other commonly used consolidants in terms of retreatability and physical-chemical compatibility with the stone. Some limitations are also highlighted, such as the uneven distribution and low penetration of the consolidants.

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Rhodoliths

Johnson¹

2017

Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series

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Adnet ‘Marble’, Untersberg ‘Marble’ and Leitha Limestone—Best Examples Expressing Austria’s Physical Cultural Heritage

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Efficiency and Compatibility of Selected Alkoxysilanes on Porous Carbonate and Silicate Stones

Efficiency and Compatibility of Selected Alkoxysilanes on Porous Carbonate and Silicate Stones

Effectiveness and Compatibility of a Novel Sustainable Method for Stone Consolidation Based on Di-Ammonium Phosphate and Calcium-Based Nanomaterials

Rhodoliths

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