Administration of Wine and Grape Juice Inhibits In Vivo Platelet Activity and Thrombosis in Stenosed Canine Coronary Arteries

Demrow, H. S.; Slane, P. R.; Folts, John D.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.91.4.1182

Cited by 391 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…43,44 This is particularly so for red wine, 7,44 which, unlike white wine, has been shown in several studies 43,44 to be an effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation. The epidemiological evidence that red wine is more beneficial than other alcoholic beverages, however, is not conclusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acute and Chronic Tea Consumption on Platelet Aggregation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Duffy

Vita

Holbrook

et al. 2001

ATVB

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Abstract-Epidemiological studies suggest that tea consumption is associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular events, but the mechanisms of benefit remain undefined. Platelet aggregation is a precipitating event in cardiovascular disease, and tea contains antioxidant flavonoids that are known to decrease platelet aggregation in vitro. To test the effect of tea consumption on platelet aggregation, we randomized 49 patients with coronary artery disease to either 450 mL of black tea or water consumed initially, followed by 900 mL of tea or water daily for 4 weeks in a crossover design. Ex vivo platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma was assessed in response to ADP and thrombin receptor-activating peptide at baseline and 2 hours and 4 weeks after beverage consumption. We observed dose-dependent platelet aggregation in response to each agonist, and neither relation was altered by acute or chronic tea consumption. Plasma flavonoids increased with acute and chronic tea consumption, indicating adequate absorption of tea flavonoids. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that acute and chronic black tea consumption does not affect ex vivo platelet aggregation in patients with coronary artery disease. These findings suggest that an effect of tea flavonoids on platelet aggregation is unlikely to be the explanation for the reduction in risk of cardiovascular events noted in epidemiological studies. Key Words: platelet aggregation Ⅲ tea Ⅲ flavonoids Ⅲ coronary artery disease R ecent epidemiological studies strongly suggest an inverse relationship between tea consumption and cardiovascular disease risk, 1-5 with 1 notable exception. 6 There is also convincing evidence that dietary intake of antioxidant flavonoids from tea and other sources (eg, red wine, onions, apples, and broccoli) is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk. [1][2][3][4][5][7][8][9] The benefit of high flavonoid intake may be greater for individuals with established coronary artery disease (CAD), 1,10 although favorable effects have also been demonstrated in people without evidence of atherosclerosis. 5,8,9 One proposed mechanism for the apparent benefit of tea and other sources of flavonoids is their favorable effect on platelet aggregation. [11][12][13][14][15][16] These polyphenols may inhibit platelet aggregation by a number of different mechanisms, including inhibition of lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase, 13,17 cAMP phosphodiesterase, 12,18 and cGMP phosphodiesterase. 19 Other platelet-inhibitory effects of flavonoids include thromboxane receptor antagonism, 15 scavenging of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion, 20 decreasing phospholipase C activation by blunting hydrogen peroxide production, 21 and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. 14 Flavonoids also enhance nitric oxide (NO) production from the endothelium. 22 NO is a potent inhibitor of platelet adhesion, aggregation, [23][24][25] and thrombosis, 26 and impaired platelet production of NO has been associated with acute coronary syndromes. 27 A recent study demonstrated dose-...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acute and Chronic Tea Consumption on Platelet Aggregation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Duffy

Vita

Holbrook

et al. 2001

ATVB

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“…Flavonoids protect low-density lipoproteins from oxidation, attenuate atherosclerosis, have anti-inflammatory effects and may inhibit platelet activity (Demrow et al, 1995;Chopra and Thurnham, 1999;Mruk et al, 2000;Fuhrman and Aviram, 2001;Kris-Etherton et al, 2004). No previous epidemiologic study has evaluated the association of flavonoid intake with PAOD, but several investigations have pointed to an inverse association of these compounds with coronary heart disease (Huxley and Neil, 2003;Lagiou et al, 2004), another manifestation of atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoid classes and risk of peripheral arterial occlusive disease: a case–control study in Greece

et al. 2005

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Objective: To assess the relation between specific flavonoid classes and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD), an important manifestation of atherosclerosis. Design: Using data from a case-control study conducted in Greece in 1980 on the nutritional epidemiology of PAOD, we have exploited recently published databases on the content of foods in specific flavonoid classes to assess the relation between intake of these compounds and PAOD. Setting: A major teaching hospital in Athens, Greece. Subjects: Cases were 100 patients with PAOD and controls 100 patients with minor surgical conditions admitted to the same hospital. Interventions: No interventions. All cases and controls were interviewed in the hospital wards, and a 110-food item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was administered by the same interviewer. Results: Flavonols, flavones and perhaps flavan-3-ols were inversely associated with PAOD risk, the odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) for increments equal to the corresponding standard deviations being 0.41 (0.20-0.86), 0.56 (0.32-0.96) and 0.53 (0.26-1.05), respectively. Total flavonoids were also significantly inversely associated with PAOD. Conclusions: On the basis of these results, the biological properties of flavonoids and evidence concerning their relation to other manifestations of atherosclerosis, we conclude that dietary intake of specific classes of flavonoids, as well as total flavonoids, may have a protective effect against PAOD.

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“…Red wine has been assumed to account for the phenomenon, which is known as the "French paradox." 1 Recently, it has been demonstrated that red wine polyphenols (RWPs) have various antiatherogenic effects, such as antioxidation of LDL-cholesterol, 2,3 inhibition of adhesion molecule expression in cytokine-stimulated vascular endothelial cells (ECs), 4 inhibition of platelet aggregation, 5 induction of NO release, and vasorelaxation. 6 It has been shown that development of atherosclerosis is characterized by EC dysfunction, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and increased extracellular matrix deposition.…”

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Red Wine Polyphenols Inhibit Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through Two Distinct Signaling Pathways

et al. 2002

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Background-Red wine polyphenols (RWPs) have been shown to have an antiatherogenic activity mainly through antioxidative effects on LDL oxidation. Although vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration is critical to atherosclerosis formation, the effect of RWPs on SMC migration has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether RWPs could affect the migration of cultured SMCs stimulated by growth factors. Methods and Results-RWP concentration dependently inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced and serum-induced SMC migration in wounding assay and Boyden chamber assay. However, these inhibitory effects of RWPs were not seen in serum-stimulated vascular endothelial cell migration in either assay. Moreover, specific inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3Ј kinase (PI3K) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK ), but not of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), reduced PDGF-BB-induced SMC migration. To elucidate the signaling mechanism underlying the RWP effects, we investigated the effects of RWPs on the activity of PI3K and the phosphorylation of MAPK pathways in PDGF-BB-stimulated SMCs. RWPs inhibited the PI3K activity and p38MAPK phosphorylation, but not ERK1/2 phosphorylation, in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the phosphorylation of MKK3/6, an upstream kinase of p38 MAPK , was also inhibited by RWP treatment in a concentrationdependent manner, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of RWPs on the p38 MAPK pathway works upstream of MKK3/6. The concentration-effect relationship of RWPs necessary for the inhibition of PI3K and p38MAPK pathways was similar to that of cell migration assays. Conclusions-RWPs inhibit the SMC migration through the inhibition of 2 distinct signaling pathways and thus exert antiatherogenic actions.

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Administration of Wine and Grape Juice Inhibits In Vivo Platelet Activity and Thrombosis in Stenosed Canine Coronary Arteries

Cited by 391 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Acute and Chronic Tea Consumption on Platelet Aggregation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Effect of Acute and Chronic Tea Consumption on Platelet Aggregation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Flavonoid classes and risk of peripheral arterial occlusive disease: a case–control study in Greece

Red Wine Polyphenols Inhibit Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through Two Distinct Signaling Pathways

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