Administration of triiodothyronine and dopamine to broiler chicks increases growth, feed conversion and visceral organ mass

Chang, Shi-Chuan; Lin, MJ; Croom, J.; Yk, Fan

doi:10.1093/ps/82.2.285

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Because feeding rates of milk and chow could not be measured in suckling and weaning stages, we could not determine whether the effect of hypothyroidism on intestinal weight and ultimately on body weight was due to the absence of thyroxine or to reductions in feeding rates and therefore to malnutrition. However, increases in intestinal weight of chickens was directly proportional to the level of dietary supplementation of thyroxine (36), suggesting that the effect of thyroxine on intestinal weight is direct.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 96%

Ontogenetic Development of Rat Intestinal Bile Acid Transport Requires Thyroxine But Not Corticosterone

2004

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Absorption of bile acids by the distal ileum is an essential component of the enterohepatic circulation. In neonatal rats, the appearance of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) at 17 d of age coincides with increases in serum corticosterone and thyroxine. We tested the hypothesis that these hormones modulate ASBT expression during ileal development. Taurocholate uptake into the isolated ileum of normal 20-d-old pups exhibited saturable (K m ϭ 0.52 mM, J max ϭ 0.34 pmol mg/min) and nonsaturable (K diff ϭ 0.015 min Ϫ1 ) components and was two to five times greater than uptake in the proximal intestine. Hypothyroid or euthyroid pups received daily thyroxine injections starting at 6 d of age. At 12 d of age, serum concentrations of thyroxine, ileal abundance of ASBT mRNA, and ileal rates of taurocholate uptake were low in hypothyroid pups that received an injection of vehicle (HTϪ) or thyroxine (HTϩ) and in euthyroid pups that received an injection of vehicle (ETϪ) or thyroxine (ETϩ). At 20 and 26 d, ileal ASBT mRNA abundance and taurocholate uptake rate remained low in HTϪ pups but increased dramatically in ETϪ and ETϩ pups, paralleling the increase in serum thyroxine. Restoration of normal plasma thyroxine in HTϪ pups by thyroxine injections (HTϩ) restored normal ASBT development. Sodium-glucose co-transporter activity and mRNA expression were independent of serum thyroxine levels. Corticosterone levels were significantly lower in pups that were adrenalectomized at 10 d of age. ASBT mRNA abundance and taurocholate uptake rate increased markedly with age but were the same in adrenalectomized, sham-operated, and nonoperated pups. Hence, endogenous thyroxine but not corticosterone regulates the developmentally timed appearance of ASBT. Bile acids expelled from the gallbladder into the intestinal lumen emulsify dietary lipids to aid digestion, then form micelles with the products of lipid digestion to facilitate absorption. Synthesis of bile acids by the liver is insufficient to meet physiologic needs, and bile acids are recycled in a process that involves their absorption from the intestinal lumen back into the circulation and eventual resecretion from the liver. Bile acids are absorbed passively and in modest amounts in the jejunum (1) but are absorbed actively and in greater amounts in the distal ileum by the apical sodium-dependent transporter (ASBT) located at the brush border membrane of the enterocyte (2). It is not clear when active bile acid absorption begins during ontogenetic development of the small intestine. Sodium-dependent uptake of the bile acid taurocholate has been observed in the small intestine of an 8-mo-old child but not in that of a fetus or a neonate (3). Because reabsorption in the distal small intestine of neonates is inefficient or absent,~10 -20% of fat intake in the formula-fed newborn is thought to be malabsorbed, even though the rate of bile acid synthesis in the neonatal liver is markedly higher than that of older age groups. In rat pups, ASBT mRNA, protein, and ac...

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 96%

Ontogenetic Development of Rat Intestinal Bile Acid Transport Requires Thyroxine But Not Corticosterone

2004

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“…Standart büyütme sıcaklığında T 3 in ovo enjeksiyonu 21. gün canlı ağırlığında önemli düzeyde (P<0.05) azalmaya neden olurken, soğuk stresi koşullarında T 3 in ovo enjeksiyonu ile canlı ağırlıktaki ve yem tüketimindeki bu azalma telafi edilebilmiştir. Chang et al (2003) yeme T 3 ilave edilen civcivlerde 7-15 günlük dönemde canlı ağırlığın ve yem tüketiminin azaldığını, yemden yararlanmanın iyileştiğini bildirmişlerdir. Bu sonuçlar bulgularımızı kısmen desteklemektedir.…”

Section: Araştirma Bulgulariunclassified

“…İn ovo T 3 hormonu enjeksiyonu etlik piliçlerde kalp oranını etkilememiş ve asitese neden olmamıştır. Oysa literatür bilgileri T 3 ilavesinin kalp ağırlığında artışa neden olduğunu göstermektedir (Chang et al, 2003;Decuypere et al, 1994). Çalışmadaki ölüm oranları etlik piliç yetiştirme standartları ile uyumludur.…”

Section: Araştirma Bulgulariunclassified

İn ovo T3 Hormonu Enjeksiyonunun Soğuk Stresine Maruz Kalan Etlik Piliçlerde Performans, Bazı Kan Parametreleri ve Oksidatif Stabilite Üzerine Etkileri

Altan¹,

Açıkgöz²,

Bayraktar³

et al. 2017

Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi

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ÖZETu çalışma in ovo T3 hormonu enjeksiyonunun soğuk stresine maruz kalan etlik piliçlerde performans, kan lipid profili, asites oluşumu ve oksidatif stabilite üzerine etkilerini saptamak amacı ile yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, kontrol grubu dışındaki döllü yumurtalara kuluçkanın 17. gününde 25 ng T3 enjekte edilmiştir. Her iki grupta, civcivlerin yarısı standart sıcaklıklarda yetiştirilirken diğer yarısına erken (4-6. günler arasında 201 0 C) ve geç (35-37. günler arasında 151 0 C) yaşlarda düşük sıcaklık uygulanmıştır. İn ovo T3 enjeksiyonu etlik piliçlerin performansını önemli düzeyde etkilememiştir. Soğuk stresi uygulaması 21. günde canlı ağırlığı ve yem tüketimini azaltmış ancak yemden yararlanmayı etkilememiştir. Soğuk stresinden kaynaklanan büyüme performanstaki gerileme kesim yaşına kadar telafi edilememiştir. Ölüm oranı bakımından gruplar arasında önemli bir farklılık oluşmamıştır ve asites kaynaklı ölüm görülmemiştir. Erken yaşlarda, soğuk stresi rektal sıcaklığı azaltırken in ovo T3 enjeksiyonu hematokrit değerini artırmıştır (P<0.05). Soğuk stresine maruz kalan piliçlerde kalp oranı önemli düzeyde yükselmiştir. Glukoz, trigliserit, kolesterol, yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein (HDL), düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL) ve T3 düzeyleri in ovo T3 enjeksiyonundan önemli düzeyde etkilenmemiştir. Erken yaşta soğuk stresi trigliserit düzeyini azaltmış ve kolesterol, HDL ve LDL konsantrasyonlarını arttırmıştır (P<0.05). Geç yaşta soğuk stresi sadece LDL düzeyini önemli düzeyde azaltmıştır. İn ovo T3 enjeksiyonu ve soğuk stresi malondialdehit (MDA) ve trolox eşdeğer antioksidan kapasite (TEAK) değerlerini etkilememiştir. İn ovo T3 ve soğuk stresi uygulamaları etlik piliçlerde oksidatif hasara neden olmamıştır. ABSTRACThis study was conducted to determine the effects of in ovo injection of T3 hormone on performance, blood lipid profile, ascites and oxidative stability in broilers exposed to cold stress. For this purpose, fertile eggs except control group were injected with 25 ng T3 on the 17 th day of incubation. In both groups, half of the chicks were reared under at standart temperatures while the other half was applied low temperature early (201 0 C from 4 to 6 d old) and late (151 0 C from 35 to 37 d old) ages. In ovo T3 injection did not significantly affect broiler performance. At 21 d of age, cold stress treatment decreased body weight and feed intake but did not affect feed conversion ratio. Growth depression due to cold stress might not be compensated until slaughter age. There was no a significant difference in terms of mortality and no deaths from ascites have been observed. At an early age, in ovo T3 injection increased hemotocrit value while cold stress reduced rectal temperature (P<0.05). In broilers exposed to cold stress, heart ratio significantly raised. The levels of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and T3 were not significantly affected by in ovo T3 injection. Cold stress at an early age decreased triglyceride level and increased ch...

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“…It has been shown that some management practices such as feed restriction can reduce the PHS incidence (Arun and Gita, 2014). However, the feed restriction can act as a stressor on the broiler.The increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by oxidative stress has been widely accepted to contribute in the pathogenesis of the PHS in broilers chickens (Chang et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural antioxidants improve pulmonary hypertension syndrome and change blood profile in broiler chicken

Zarei

Moghani

2022

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamins C and E and garlic powder on hetrophil/lymphocyte and right ventricle (RV)/total ventricle (TV) ratio as well as lipid peroxidation levels in BC with PHS induced by T3 administration. A total of 225 chickens (Ross 308, 1 day old) were randomly divided into five equal groups (n=45) including the control (received standard basal diet (RSBD)+1.5 mg/kg of T3), sham (RSBD over period study), and the vitamin C (RSBD+1200 PPM of vitamin C+1.5 mg/kg of T3), the vitamin E (RSBD+400 mg/kg of vitamin E+1.5 mg/kg of T3), the garlic (RSBD +1% garlic+1.5mg/kg of T3) groups. T3 was administrated at days 7 to 49 of age. At days 21,35 and 49 post- reared, 15 chicks from each group were randomly selected, scarified and blood parameters including lymphocytes, heterophil, hetrophil/lymphocyte and RV/TV ratio as well as lipid peroxidation were assayed. The decreased the RV/TV ratio in the all treatment groups compared to control group indicate that PHS-induced by administration of T3 improve by adding of vitamins E, vitamin C and garlic to basal diet. The highest and lowest mean percentage of heterophil was belonged to the control and sham groups on 35 and 49 days of age, respectively. The highest mean percentage of heterophil/lymphocyte ratio was belonged to the control groups on days of 35, and 49 of age. The adding of vitamin C and garlic to basal diet resulted in a significant increase in the mean percentage of lymphocyte compared to the control and the vitamin E groups on days 35 and 49 of age. In conclusion the natural antioxidants such as garlic, vitamins E and C can improve the increased RV/TV and heterophil/lymphocyte ratios in the blood profile of broiler chickens with PHS due to reduce lipid peroxidation.

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Administration of triiodothyronine and dopamine to broiler chicks increases growth, feed conversion and visceral organ mass

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Ontogenetic Development of Rat Intestinal Bile Acid Transport Requires Thyroxine But Not Corticosterone

Ontogenetic Development of Rat Intestinal Bile Acid Transport Requires Thyroxine But Not Corticosterone

İn ovo T3 Hormonu Enjeksiyonunun Soğuk Stresine Maruz Kalan Etlik Piliçlerde Performans, Bazı Kan Parametreleri ve Oksidatif Stabilite Üzerine Etkileri

Natural antioxidants improve pulmonary hypertension syndrome and change blood profile in broiler chicken

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