Administration of Lactobacillus salivarius LI01 or Pediococcus pentosaceus LI05 prevents CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis by protecting the intestinal barrier in rats

Abstract

Alterations in the gut microbiome have been reported in liver cirrhosis, and probiotic interventions are considered a potential treatment strategy. This study aimed to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of Lactobacillus salivarius LI01, Pediococcus pentosaceus LI05, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI and Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng on CCl4-induced cirrhotic rats. Only administration of LI01 or LI05 prevented liver fibrosis and down-regulated the hepatic expression of profibrogenic genes. Serum endotoxins, bacterial translocations (BTs), and destruction of intestinal mucosal ultrastructure were reduced in rats treated with LI01 or LI05, indicating maintenance of the gut barrier as a mechanism; this was further confirmed by the reduction of not only hepatic inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17A, but also hepatic TLR2, TLR4, TLR5 and TLR9. Metagenomic sequencing of 16S rRNA gene showed an increase in potential beneficial bacteria, such as Elusimicrobium and Prevotella, and a decrease in pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia. These alterations in gut microbiome were correlated with profibrogenic genes, gut barrier markers and inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, L. salivarius LI01 and P. pentosaceus LI05 attenuated liver fibrosis by protecting the intestinal barrier and promoting microbiome health. These results suggest novel strategies for the prevention of liver cirrhosis.

Odontogenic infection by Porphyromonas gingivalis exacerbates fibrosis in NASH via hepatic stellate cell activation

“…Especially, LPS derived from E. coli in portal blood reaches the liver and enhances tissue necrosis factor α (TNFα) production from Kupffer cells through TLR4 signaling and leads to pathological progression of NASH. On the other hand, it is suggested that non-invasive bacteria such as Lactobacillus salivarius, acidophilus and Pediococcus pentosaceus do not induce liver fibrosis, or rather prevent liber fibrosis 6,10,[29][30][31][32] . Lactobacillus acidophilus has anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activities through inhibiting NF-kB and down-regulating expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA and collagen.…”

Pediococcus pentosaceus LI05 alleviates DSS‐induced colitis by modulating immunological profiles, the gut microbiota and short‐chain fatty acid levels in a mouse model

“…Gut microbes, which are relevant to host immunity and metabolism, are key factors contributing to IBD pathogenesis and development (Tamboli et al , 2004; Sartor, 2008; Marion‐Letellier et al , 2016). According to multiple studies, P. pentosaceus LI05 exerts an important effect on protecting the host intestine by regulating the gut microbiome, thereby strengthening the gut barrier and modulating the mucosal immunity, as well as host metabolism (Bengmark et al , 2011; Zhao et al , 2012; Lv et al , 2014b; Shi et al , 2017; Xu et al , 2018). Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate alterations in the gut microbiota, immune responses and metabolites (SCFA production) in a mouse model of DSS‐induced colitis after treatment with P. pentosaceus LI05.…”

“…Pediococcus pentosaceus, a member of the family Lactobacillaceae , is a species that has been shown to ameliorate inflammation (Lv et al , 2014a). In addition, several species of P. pentosaceus have been reported to alleviate encephalopathy, acute liver failure, obesity and fatty liver (Bengmark et al , 2011; Zhao et al , 2012; Shi et al , 2017). Our newly isolated probiotic P. pentosaceus LI05 has been shown to protect the host mucosa by strengthening the epithelial barrier function and regulating the host immunity and gut microbiota in mouse models of Clostridium difficile infection and CCl4‐induced cirrhosis (Shi et al , 2017; Xu et al , 2018).…”

The effects of the supplementation of multi‐strain probiotics on intestinal microbiota, metabolites and inflammation of young SPF chickens challenged with Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica

“…Shi et al. () demonstrated that adding 3 × 10 9 cfu/ml of L. salivarius LI01 or Pediococcus pentosaceus LI05 raised the Oscillospira population in the ceca of rats with liver cirrhosis. First identified in pig cecal contents, Oscillospira is a genus that probably produces butyrate and is negatively associated with inflammatory immune responses (Konikoff & Gophna, ).…”