Administration of Apple Polyphenol Supplements for Skin Conditions in Healthy Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Abstract

This clinical study was performed to evaluate the effects of continuous apple polyphenol (AP) administration on facial skin conditions and pigmentation induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in healthy women participants. Participants (n = 65, age 20–39 years) were randomized to receive tablets containing AP (300 or 600 mg/day) or placebo in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Continuous administration of AP for 12 weeks significantly prevented UV irradiation induced skin pigmentation (erythema value, melanin value, L value), although a dose-dependent relationship was not clearly observed. In contrast, no significant differences were detected between the groups with regard to water content and trans-epidermal water loss. Our study demonstrated that APs and their major active compounds, procyanidins, have several health benefits. Here, we report that continuous administration of AP for 12 weeks alleviated UV irradiation induced skin pigmentation, when compared with placebo, in healthy women.

Pak2 reduction induces a failure of early embryonic development in mice

“…5), which indicated increased DNA damage; and continuous DNA lesions compromise the integrity of the genome [35], with genome stability critical for the survival, growth, and normal functioning of organisms [36][37][38]. ROS induce DNA-base damage, and single-and double-stranded breaks (DSBs) [39]; with DSBs constituting the most dangerous type of DNA lesion in cells [40][41][42][43]. To maintain stability, then, the delay or arrest of the cell cycle must occur to allow sufficient time for effective DNA repair [44].…”

Antimicrobial Effects of Plant Compounds against Virulent <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 Strains Containing Shiga Toxin Genes in Laboratory Media and on Romaine Lettuce and Spinach

“…A similar approach has also been used for incorporating apple polyphenols into edible films to examine their effect on microbial activity and it was shown that the films inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes but not S. enterica serotype Hadar [23] [24]. Human studies have shown other beneficial health activities for apple polyphenols, in which they ameliorated hyperglycemia [25] and protected against UV radiation-induced skin pigmentation [26].…”

Pak2 Depletion Induces a Failure of Early Embryonic Development in Mice

“…5), which indicated increased DNA damage; and continuous DNA lesions compromise the integrity of the genome [27], with genome stability critical for the survival, growth, and normal functioning of organisms [28][29][30]. ROS induce DNA-base damage, and single-and double-stranded breaks (DSBs) [31];…”